B. Papp szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 36. 2005 (Budapest, 2005)

Szollát, György; Standovár, Tibor: Botanical values of the Öreg-hegy and Juhász-halom near Csomád

Festuca rupicola. The presence of dicotyledons is negligible. Protected plants are represented by four abundant species: Centaurea sadleriana, Adonis vernalis, Stipa borysthenica and 7m pumila. On one location, Rosa gallica occurs at the forest edge on the ridge. Tree plantations, remnants of woods Most of Öreg-hegy and Oldal-hegy is covered by plantations of non-native tree species mainly of Robinia pseudo-acacia, some of them mixed with Celtis occidentalis

. A few Pinus nigra plantations also occur. Ailanthus altissima is a relatively common weed tree. According to the information given in a 1:50,000 scale military map from 1944, Öreg-hegy was completely treeless except for a single line of trees running on the ridge. At the highest point of the Öreg-hegy there is a small remnant woodlot representing the original - once widespread - closed oak woods of these lower hills. This small (< 0.5 ha) wood patch is dominated by Quercus pubescens accompanied by other tree species (Quercus cerris, Acer campestre, Fraxinus ornus, Populus alba). The shrub layer is rather dense; the herb layer looks almost undisturbed. Besides the most frequent Polygonatum latifolium, the occurrence of numerous steppe woodland species, like Carex michelii, Campanula bononiensis, Vinca herbacea, Arenaria procera subsp. glabra, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus - mostly at the edges - is worth mentioning. A similar remnant group of trees grows in the western part of the grassland area on the upper part of the slightly south-facing slope. There are a few surviving Quercus pubescens individuals surrounded by several Robinia pseudo-acacia. These trees grow in a dense shrub layer dominated by Ligustrum vulgare and Crataegus monogyna with Rosa canina, Euonymus verrucosus and Berberis vulgaris. At the edges of this patch Dictamnus albus and Carex michelii occur as "well behaving" steppe woodland species, and Brachypodium pinnatum (otherwise not frequent here) also forms relatively large patches at these edges. There are only a few more species in the whole survey area indicating former dry oak woods: Campanula bononiensis, Turritis glabra, Lithospermum officinale, and a few steppe woodland species, like Dianthus collinus, Silene nutans, Phlomis tuberös a, Viola hirta. The values of the flora From a phytogeographical viewpoint we emphasise the importance of those species that reach their distributional limit, are rare in the Neogradense floristical district or in the Gödöllői-dombság, or have some other specialities. Allium mos-