B. Papp szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 32. 2001 (Budapest, 2001)
Papp, Beáta; Sabovljevic, Marko: Contribution to the knowledge of the bryoflora of the region of Petnica (W Serbia, Yugoslavia)
position between the Pannonian plains and the Dinaric Alps. Geologically, limestone is the most typical bedrock, but rarely some layers of other rocks and minerals like cinnabar occur. The area has a varying geomorphology with rugged karstic reliefs, gorges, hills, caves, etc. The investigated region is also known for its varying hydrography: springs, torrents, rivulets, the Banja and the Gradac rivers and the lake Petnicko, and many temporarily (or rarely permanently) moist meadows. The altitude is usually around 200 m a. s. 1. From the south, the investigated area is surrounded by mountains (Povlen, Maljen, Medvednik, Jablanik, Bobija), and to the north, it is open to the Pannonian plains through the wide valley of the Kolubara river. Despite the mountainous south, the Mediterranean influence is able to reach this region through the canyons and gorges in the southwest. Also, there are different types of soil, most importantly gley, pseudogley, clayly, sceletous and alluvial soils. The climate is mild continental with hot and usually dry summers and cold winters with abundant precipitation. All these factors plus the various types of plant formations and plant communities (forests, meadows, wet meadows, pastures, ruderals, cultivated fields, vertical rock walls) contribute greatly to the variety of microhabitats which provide excellent habitats to many bryophytes in the relatively small investigated area of ca 10 km 2 . The flora and vegetation of this area show refugial-relict characteristics, with many relict and some endemic species. Also, the number of woody plant species is unusually high. The main associations arc the followings. Mesophilous Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum (serbicum) Rudski, 1940; thermophilous Quercetum frainetto-cerris Rudski, 1940 (s. 1.) with many varieties; interestingly, some communities with sub-Mediterranean character: Ostryo-Quercetum frainetto-cerris E. Vuk., 1979; Quercetum frainetto-cerris juglandetosum E. Vuk., 1976; Carpino orientalis-Polyquercetum E. Vuk. 1987, etc. In some parts of the investigated area there are planted forests of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). For the great number of habitats and microhabitats, we used the methods of creating transects to cover larger surfaces, and to reach as many as possible different microhabitats. The specimen identification was based on SMITH (1991, 1993) and FREY et al. (1995), LEWINSKY-HAAPASAARI (1995), MAIER and GEISSLER (1995). For the nomenclature and to establish the European distribution types in the floristic evaluation, we followed DULL (1983, 1984, 1985, 1992). The specimens are preserved in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (BP) and in the private collection of Marko Sabovljevic (Belgrade, Yugoslavia). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results of the floristical overview are given in Table 1. The authors recorded 136 bryophyte taxa (116 mosses and 20 liverworts) in the region of Petnica. Projected to the small area, this number represents a very high level of diversity of bryophytes, which is the result of a great number of microhabitats. This species number, on the other hand, represents about 22% of the total number of bryophytes recorded in the F. R. of Yugoslavia. Even with this, the number of bryophyte species is expected to grow with further investigation, both in the region of Petnica and in the whole territory of Yugoslavia. Among the 136 taxa, 15 species is recorded as new for Serbia and 11 for the F. R. of Yugoslavia. These are: Cephaloziella s te Hit I if era, Cololejeunea rossettiana, Anomodon rostratus*,
