Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 16. 1982 (Budapest, 1982)
Stollmayerné Boncz, Emilia: The flora of the Csömör pool
The plants of the island There is a sudd with the dimension of about two-fifth of the pool nearer the western shore of the pool which gradually turns into the open water, especially on the eastern, south-eastern and southern part. On it the "basis" is given by the roots of Salix cinerea and the low Populus tremula, the stolons of the Phragmites communis and the rhizomes of Lastrea thelypteris (Fig. 3). Over them a thick moss carpet can be found. In some places the fen window makes "going" dangerous. Even in the dry weather the island is very damp, one should carefully go round, even in. boots. The children in the neighbourhood trod paths on the island, looking for aquatic animals. The light blossoms of Lastrea thelypteris and the abundant Epipactis palustris (Fig. 4) are a fascinating sight in summer. The special value of the "island" is the many species of moss. The most abundant is the rare Sphagnum squarrosum (Fig. 5) on the northern side and Thuidium lanatum ( Helodium blandowii) . Many other rare species of moss can be found here such as Scorpidium scorpioides , Sphagnum Bmbriatum , S. recurvum , Climacium dendroides, Cono cephalum conicum, Lophocolea heterophylla , Plagiomnium affine - all being rare in the Great Plain. On the southern side of the island especially Amblystegium riparium and Çalliergon cuspidatum can be found. The list of species of the island and their frequency is held by Table 3. The division of species according to flora elements can be seen in Table 3. The percentage distribution of the flora elements of the Csömör pool differs from the national one. This is especially striking in the case of mosses, which can be attributed to the great number of rare species of moss. The high percentage of cosmopolitan species on the roadside is caused by the many kinds of weeds in little entities. The percentage of circumpolar, Eurasian, European species is higher, the presence of Central European, Continental and Pannonian (Endemic) species in p.c. is lower than the national one (Table 2). Table 2. The percentage distribution of the flora elements Hungary Csömör pool Flora elements Mosses Ferns and Angiospermae Mosses Ferns and Angiospermae % % specimen % specimen % Cosmopolitan 6.8 6.1 1 5.8 18 15.9 Adventiv 2.45 4 3.5 Circumpolar 54.2 8.1 14 82,3 24 21.1 Eurasian 22.5 46 40.7 European 8.48 14 12.3 Central European 11.97 4 3.5 Continental 7.73 2 1.7 Boreal 7. 5 2 11.7 Pannonian (endemic) 1.93 1 0.8 17 113 99.7 During the floristic exploration many rare species of moss were found, therefore it is justified that the lake should be preserved as a national nature reserve. The presence of new species of moss is still expected, the alga flora has not been explored yet. Its charming scenery makes it also outstanding. It can be feared that the diminishing green belt of the capital, the outgoing crowds of people, the ever growing intensive agriculture endangers this preserved, tiny marshland.
