Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 15. 1981 (Budapest, 1981)
Kováts, Dezső: Distribution and diversity of Phleum alpinum L. and Phleum commutatum Gaud. (Poaceae) in the Carpathians
S T U D I A XV. BOTANICA HUNGARICA (An tea: Fragmenta Botanica) 1981 p. 65-76 Distribution and diversity of Phleum alpinum L. and Phleum commutatum Gaud. (Poaceae) in the Carpathians By D. KOVÁTS (Received November 30, 1980) Abstract: Author collected and mapped the distribution data of two taxa of Phleum In the Carpathians and analysed the distribution and diversity of specimens per taxa according to altitudes and natural habitats. Phleum alpinum L. is spreading to higher places, in alpine meadows and contrasted with this Ph. commutatum Gaud, is growing lower in altitude, in mountain grasslands and pine-woods. Author also dealt with taxonomical problems and tends to consider these two taxa as two independent species. Introduction The author has been dealing with Phleum for about five years (KOVÁTS 1967, 1977, 1980), investigated morphological and anatomjcal differences, natural habitats, distribution and diversity of Phleum hubbardii D.Kov. and Ph. pratense L. In this paper the. author should like to deal with the distribution and diversity of the two other taxa: Phleum alpinum L. and Ph. commutatum Gaud, touching the taxonomical problems too. In connection with the plan of Central-European flora mapping we, as member of this international floristics group, collected and mapped data of flowering plants, mostly from our herbarium (SZUJKÓ-LACZA & SEN 1977, KOVÁTS & SZUJKÓ-LACZA 1979, KOVÁTS 1980). Our herbaria (BP) are the most outstanding and complete ones in Hungary and significant even in Europe (SZUJKÓ-LACZA 1973). One of the collections is the Herbarium Carpato-Pannonicum, containing the flora of the Carpathian Basin, Great Hungarian Plain and the Carpathians (FEKETE & KOVÁTS 1974). The common area and habitats of these taxa in question, are mentioned in the Carpathians by JÁVORKA (1925), but the two taxa are mixed or not exactly separated. It was necessary to study every specimen in the herbarium, making a revision, because the identification sometimes is not easy and the sheets of the two taxa are mixed in the herbarium too. The geographical distribution of these two taxa of Phleum in Europe and almost in the whole world are described by NORDENSKIÖLD (1945). Material and methods In the enumeration the localities of the collections appear in geographical order, following the curve of the Carpathians from west to east and south, beginning with North-West Carpathians and ending with the South Carpathians (BULLA & MENDÖL 1947). Following this the names of the
