Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 14. 1980 (Budapest, 1980)
Kováts, Dezső: Distribution and diversity of Phleum hubbardii and Phleum pratense (Poaceae) in the Carpathian Basin
STUDIA BOTANICA HUNGARICA (Antea: Fragmenta Botaniea) XIV. 1980 p. 107-116 Distribution and diversity of Phleum Hubbardii and Phleum pratense(Poaeeae)in the Carpathian Basin By D. KOVÁTS (Received November 30, 1979) Abstract: Author collected and mapped the distribution data of Phleum Hubbardii D. Kov. and Phleum pratense L. in the Carpathian Basin and the Great Hungarian Plain, and analyzed the distribution and diversity of specimens per species according to natural habitats and altitudes. Both species are frequent in different meadows. Phleum pratens e has higher diversity of habitats, it is common not only meadows, but in different waste places and moist soils also. Phleum Hubbardii is more frequent at about 400-500 m wliile Ph. pratense is living mostly at about 100-200 m a.s.l. Introduction The author has been dealing with Phleum s in Hungary for the last four years (Kováts 1976, 1977), investigating the morphological and anatomical differences and habits of P hleum Hubbardii D. Kov, and Ph. pratense L. These differences are not only the above mentioned but exist in their natural habitats, altitudes and distribution also (Nordenskiöld 1945, Hubbard 1968). In connection with the plan of Central-European flora mapping, we as members of this international floristic group, collected data of flowering plants (Szujkó-Lacza & Sen 1977, Kováts & Szujkó-Lacza 1979), listed by Ehrendorfer (1973), and mapped these data into grids according to Niklfeld (1971). Our herbariums (Bp) are the most outstanding and complete ones in Hungary and considered to be significant even in Europe (Szujkó-Lacza 1973). One of the collections is the Herbarium CarpatoPannonicum, containing the flora of the Carpathian Basin and the Great Hungarian Plain (Fekete 8~ Kováts 1974). The common area and habitats of these species in question are mentioned in Hungary by Jávorka (1925), Soó & Jávorka (1951), Soó & Kárpáti (1968), Máthé i & Heszky (1972), and Soó (1973), but the detailed data have not been published yet, and frequently the two species are mixed or not exactly separated. It was necessary to study every specimens in the herbarium, making revision, because the identification sometimes proved difficult. For instance, often specimens in the herbarial material were identified as Phleum nodosum L. (correctly Ph. Hubbardii D. Kov., Kováts, 1977), merely because they had well developed bulb bases. The diploid (2n=14) Phleum Hubbardii does not differ specifically in this respect from the hexapolid (2n=42) Phleum pratense (Nordenskiöld 1945, Hubbard 1968, Kováts 1977). Since Phleum pratense is valuable in agriculture its ecological requirement was described by Máthé & Heszky (1972) in detail. 107
