Torsello, Davide - Pappová, Melinda: Social Networks in Movement. Time, interaction and interethnic spaces in Central Eastern Europe - Nostra Tempora 8. (Somorja-Dunaszerdahely, 2003)
Interaction, migration and change
Migration from the former Soviet Union 223 Conclusion When discussing the integration of Muslims into Dutch society, Han Entzinger distinguished three different models of dealing with migrants in Europe. The first one pointed to a "guest-work model" that emphasised the role of migrants in the labour market. The presence of these migrants in the host-state is seen as temporary, and there is no real need to incorporate them into society.11 The second model is the assimilation model. In this model, immigrants should be incorporated into the receiving society as quickly as possible, according to conditions set by receiving society.12 The third model is that of ethnic minorities13 (Entzinger 1994: 19-20). It is apparent that we have been discussing in this article the first two models in extremely pure forms. Ukrainian labour migration represents the guest worker model, while resettlement illustrates the assimilation one. The second one seems to be safer for both society and the immigrants. Nevertheless, state assistance is both demanding and expensive; it is effective only for a strictly limited number of people. At the same time, the assimilation model can be applied successfully only to people who want to be assimilated, which is not the case with temporary workers. In the first half of the 1990s, work migration acquired new forms in the Czech Republic. These forms arose spontaneously on the basis of individual unorganised temporary labour migration. State institutions as well as private employers have searched only for strategies on how to behave in new conditions. Illegal work, unsafe conditions for guest workers and organised crime appear to be serious, long-term problems. The second half of the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s saw increases in restriction measures for spontaneous migration and in strict efforts to regulate the flow of the working force to the Czech Labour market. The result was an accelerating institutionalisation of the structures of the working force flow.
