Torsello, Davide - Pappová, Melinda: Social Networks in Movement. Time, interaction and interethnic spaces in Central Eastern Europe - Nostra Tempora 8. (Somorja-Dunaszerdahely, 2003)
Interaction, migration and change
Migration from the former Soviet Union 215 showed a sharp increase The latter were often from the states of the former Soviet Union where people were not physically threatened and human rights violated. In 1990, there were two asylum seekers from Ukraine in Czechoslovakia and none from Russia. In 2000, there were 1,145 asylum seekers from Ukraine, and 623 from Russia in the Czech Republic. In 2001, the number of Ukrainian asylum seekers in the Czech Republic reached 4,416, while those for Russia numbered 644 people. Asylum-seekers also came from Moldavia and other states of the former Soviet Union. In 2001, most asylum seekers in the Czech Republic were from Ukraine (see table 2). On February 1, 2002, the Czech government countered the misuse of asylum procedures by labour migrants with an amendment to the Czech asylum laws. The law now claims that work permits will not be issued to asylum seekers earlier than one year after they have submitted their petitions for asylum in the Czech Republic. Table 2. The number of asylum seekers (The former Soviet Republics) Country 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Total Armenia 4 163 733 160 60 55 42 78 34 274 1021 2624 Azerbaijan 5 18 4 5 8 10 9 89 148 Byelorussia 5 7 1 6 18 20 44 193 437 731 («eorgia 8 12 15 27 7 13 2 17 10 103 1290 1504 Kazakhstan 1 7 1 4 5 2 13 23 103 131 290 Kyrgyzstan 4 6 52 48 110 Latvia 6 2 3 2 5 9 27 Lithuania 2 4 4 2 2 10 24 48 Moldavia 9 2 9 7 8 30 33 98 784 2459 3439 Russia 67 80 21 28 44 50 34 61 245 623 644 1897 The Former Soviet Union' 95 287 4 5 3 3 401 Tajikistan 3 1 1 6 7 2 3 6 29 Turkmenistan 1 1 6 4 12 Ukraine 2 61 36 30 34 43 36 50 43 94 1145 4416 5990 Uzbekistan 1 3 1 1 9 7 34 56 Total number of asylum seekers in the F.R 1602 2226 841 2207 1187 1417 2211 2109 4085 7220 8788 18087 51980 Source: Ministry of Interior.
