Szabolcs-Szatmár-Beregi levéltári évkönyv 15. (Nyíregyháza, 2001)

Rezümék (angol, német)

TAKÁCS, TIBOR: The Elected Members of the Municipal Corporation of Nyíregyháza 1902-1939 Studying the local municipal corporation is the most suitable way of researching the elite, the leaders of the town. According to the municipal law of 1886 half of the local board of Nyíregyháza consisted of the greatest tax-payers of the community and the other half included elected members. Property and income were the basis of the former group, although the role of intellectual capital was also significant considering the doubling of the paid-up tax. To become an elected member one needed active participation, ambition to stand for election and the support of the local society. For the members representation was considered primarily a means of official display and not a means of affecting local decisions. The personal composition of the elected representation was characterized by both changeability and personal continuity in Nyíregyháza in the first half of the 20th century. Continuity was represented by people who were elected several times and worked as representatives for several years in the period. The majority belonged to a mobile group that was only once elected. At the beginning of the century the composition of the body of representatives was characterized by mainly farmers and craftsmen. The number of public functionaries was also remarkable but the number of teachers, lawyers, house-owners and tradesmen was much less. Doctors, chemists and people pursuing other occupations just coloured the composition. Although in the interwar period farmers kept their leading position, their number remarkably decreased. The decline of artisans is more apparent. The number of intellectuals doubled compared to that at the beginning of the century. The proportion of other layers, the official organization of the elections in the interwar phase helped the intellectual class to predominate and mainly the ambitions of 'intelligentsia' were realized in the wide bourgeois 'unity', which had nationalistic colour. BENE, JÁNOS: The Occupation of Nyíregyháza by the Rumanians in 1919-1920 The author wrote the history of the occupation of Nyíregyháza by the Rumanians using 4 types of sources. They are the following: the rich collection of documents of the county archives, the contemporary articles of the local press, posters, decrees which are kept in the document collection of András Jósa Museum and the publications of special literature on the subject. He followed the history of occupation in chronological order from 27 April 1919 when the first Rumanian corps appeared in Nyíregyháza until 10 March 1920 when the national army marched in.