Fazekas Éva: A fekete leves, a kávéfőzés története, időszaki kiállítás, 2010. április 23 - 2010. október 25, a Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, a Magyar Műszaki és Közlekedési Múzeum és a Fazekas & Kimmel Gyűjtemény közös időszaki kiállítása (Budapest, Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, 2010)
Éva Fazekas-József Kimmel: POTS, FLASKS AND PERCOLATORS
Coffee machines with flasks (bulbs) With the development of heat-resistant glass following the 1830s, also glass devices appeared in Europe. The first glass balloons used for coffee-making were produced in German lands. In France the water tank was still of metal, and the boiling water - getting into the glass retort - extracted the ground goods in a way reminding of laboratory distillation. In these apparatuses waters gets from the lower water tank, in the course of heating, through the ground coffee placed there, to the upper flask, then - following the removal of the heating device - a vacuum is established by the air cooling down, which sucks back the coffee drink into the lower balloon, from where it can be dispensed after removing the upper one. The coffee balloon after Richard patented in 1838 consisted entirely of glass. These German apparatuses had mostly goblet-shaped upper parts. In the 1840s not only men but also women - presumably from the circle of the coffee-house leaders - were dealing with the improvement of coffee-making. Such was the French Madame Vassieux. She obviously new the weaknesses of the devices consisting of two glass balloons so well that - encouraged by her expertise - she had an improved version patented in 1841. It cost the lady living in Lyon much trouble to have her innovation officially registered. The essence of the invention was that the lower balloon had been provided with a tap, thus coffee could be served without taking the two parts of the device apart. She replaced the cork ring used until then by a plug of lead crystal, moreover the lid of the device was adorned with a small crown. The fact that the number of patents went increasing from year to year proves that the inventors took pains to develop ever more reliable coffee-making appliances with ever and fewer perils of accidents. The apparatuses consisting entirely of glass became widespread only after the manufacture of safe heat-resistant glass had been developed. Glass vessels with the inscription Jena-Glas can be found, till today, on museum shelves and flea markets. The vitality of the type was proven by the modern Sintrax apparatuses still on the market as late as in mid20 t h century. These were working practically based on the original principle, however, their shapes were adapted to the taste of the epoch. Sintrax kávéfőző, 1960-as évek, F&K gyűjtemény Sintrax coffee machine, 1960s, F&K collection 94
