Fazekas Éva: A fekete leves, a kávéfőzés története, időszaki kiállítás, 2010. április 23 - 2010. október 25, a Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, a Magyar Műszaki és Közlekedési Múzeum és a Fazekas & Kimmel Gyűjtemény közös időszaki kiállítása (Budapest, Magyar Kereskedelmi és Vendéglátóipari Múzeum, 2010)
Éva Fazekas-József Kimmel: POTS, FLASKS AND PERCOLATORS
heating further. This device may be regarded as the first automatic coffee machine. The early percolators made of silver, copper, bronze or porcelain were vessels of nice forms, of spectacular, sometimes even luxurious ornamentation, which also served as decoration during coffee consumption. Percolators with steam pressure Those who had strong nerves and were fond of good coffee could experiment with another technological solving, the finally worldwide triumphant machine with steam pressure. The first devices operating on this principle were prepared on German territory by the Lutheran pastor and inventor Dr. Elard Romershausen ( 1784-1857) in the first half of the 19 t h century. After him a similar invention was submitted, in 1822, by the Frenchborn Louis-Bernard Rabaud living in England who might have learnt about the new procedure from an article in Polytechnisches journal that appeared in Stuttgart in 1821. The essence of the device was that hot steam permeated the whole milled coffee for extracting it, thus giving a stronger drink of a smaller amount. (An improved variant shown at the 1855 Paris World Exhibition allowed preparing 2000 cups of coffee an hour). On the basis of the new procedure the Frenchmen Caseneuve, as well as Doublet and Rouen had patented devices operating on the same principle in 1824 and 1834, respectively. The essence of the types mentioned is that they press the water through the compacted coffee the technical implementation of which had not been - until then - safely resolved. The Vienna pot The final solving also later in use, which became generally known as Vienna pot (Vienna incomparables, Wiener Hátsó fogós nagy és billenős kicsi bécsi kanna, 20. sz. eleje, F&K gyűjtemény Big Vienna type coffee pot with handle at the back side, and a tilting small one, early 19 t h century, F&K collection Kanne), was the device patented, in 1833, by the bronzesmith and lamp-maker Samuel Parker. He had developed his invention in his workshop in Argyle Street. The early devices are robust, lacking all kinds of elegance, and give the impression of being indestructible. One innovation of the solving was that the liquid was not simply poured onto the ground coffee or heated in a 92
