Fürdők – Fürdőhelyek, Magyarország fürdőépítészete (Budapest, 2008)

its fame. Drinking water for health purposes was accompanied by long, ritual walks, for which a covered promenade was needed, as it is suggested by the landscape-architectural samples. In 1688 balneologist Franz Blondel from Lüttich (Liege) wrote about healing waters: the town's magistrate created a newly walled spring, which was available to every citizen. The walking place had an arcaded row on each of the four sides. This bordered place, however, was not to be visited by everyone. As regards accommodation, every member of the social classes could find the one to its taste. In addition to the bathhouse in the civilian Aachen, the most famous baroque health resorts were represented by the royal summer residences representing the patterns of the royal palaces. After studying the medicinal baths of the 15-16th century which were frequented by people representing the whole society we find a remarkable change: an intensive formation of strata was started, which resulted that people in the same place of the social hierarchy started to visit the same bathhouses. This is well illustrated by Bad Kissinger (near Würzburg) whose planner was Balthazar Neumann, personal architect of the prince-primate Schönborn. He created a healing park of geometrical shape on the bank of Rivet Saale where, in the outer corners, he built two high-watered fountains. Opposite the park, at the end of the road along the longitudinal axis you could find the curing hotel surrounded by a stone wall. The prince-abbot of Fulda built a castle-like healing place where the walking paths were surrounded by houses for guests, while his residence was on the top of the small hill. The springs were housed by octagonal shaped spring houses and served as gates to the riverbank. In the 17th century a walking hall was built in the Prussian Kleve evoking the ancient times. But in order to utilize the water of the mineral spring discovered in the 18th century, a real "health-care centre" was erected. The designs showed 11 simple, cylindrical, and arched cracks on the grey and pink wooden walls of the walking corridor, which connected two pavilions of octagonal shape. According to the plans one pavilion was to have been made of living wood, but it could not be carried out. The Prussian king preferred Johann Gottfried Meinicke's ideas and insisting on the basic motif, the central part of the building they roofed with a dome. Here the features of the royal castle building can be definitely identified. The architect's designs remind us of the castle in Sanssouci and this masterpiece definitely has the characteristics of the royal palace building style. In the second half of the 18th century a great number of medical baths were built in Germany and by renovating the existing ones, representative spas were created. The first seaside bath in Germany was born in Bad Doberan and served as the central meeting place for the high society. Heiligendamm was made wellknown by Carl Theodor Severin in 1793, when he created the healing unit together with the dancing hall and the restaurant, as well as the other places for socializing and being accommodated. The building of medicinal baths and spas were predominantly influenced by the styles of castles. However, the inspirator of the first washing house is not known. The demand for a place where people could get some physical