Bálint Laura - Russu Tibor szerk.: A Csíki Székely Múzeum Évkönyve 2005. Természettudományok (Csíkszereda, 2006)

ÁLLATTAN - MÁTHÉ ISTVÁN-BALÁZS ENIKŐ-TÓTHMÉRÉSZ BÉLA-URÁK ISTVÁN: A Mohos és a Lucs tőzeglápok futóbogár-faunájának összehasonlító vizsgálata

A CSÍKI SZÉKELY MÚZEUM ÉVKÖNYVE 2005 451-464 MÁTHÉ ISTVÁN-BALÁZS ENIKŐ-TÓTHMÉRÉSZ BÉLA-URÁK ISTVÁN A MOHOS ÉS A LUCS TŐZEGLÁPOK FUTÓBOGÁRFAUNÁJÁNAK ÖSSZEHASONLÍTÓ VIZSGÁLATA Abstract: [Comparative Analysis of the carabid fauna of Mohos and Lucs peat bogs of the Carpathians (Románia)] Carabid fauna of the Mohos and Lucs peat bogs was studied by pitfall traps during 2003 from May to October. Three typical habitats were selected for each bog. In the Mohos: (i) open area with scattered dwarf scotch pine trees; (ii) peat bog along a canal covered by betula trees (betula Mohos); (iii) Scotch pine forest (pine Mohos). In the Lucs: (i) an open area with Eriophorum; (ii) Scotch pine forest (pine Lues); (iii) Norway spruce forest (spruce Lues). There were 20 traps in the Mohos, and 30 traps in the Lues. Bray-Curtis similarity was used to compare the carabid fauna of the habitats and PCoA was used to display the similarities. Diversity was characterized by the Rényi diversity index family. We collected 17 species (86 individuals) in Mohos and 16 species (220 individuals) in Lues. It is remarkable that Trechus marginális was collected in both bogs; it was reported just from the Southern Carpathins. Carabus violaceus and Pterostichus aethiops were the most fréquent species. The number of Carabus violaceus spécimens increased from May until the middle of July, and disappeared by September. The number of Pterostichus aethiops spécimens was the highest in May and continuously decreased until September. The ordination showed, that the fauna of the open area of Mohos and betula Mohos were différent from the other habitats. Fauna of the pine forests of the two bogs were the most similar. Carabids of the spruce forest was différent from the pine forests of both bogs, and the carabids of the open area in the Lucs was différent from the forest habitats. Carabid assemblage of the pine Mohos was the most diverse. Rényis's diversity profiles revealed that spruce Lucs was species rieh, but the pine Lucs was more diverse in dominant species than spruce Lucs. Betula Mohos was less diverse than Lucs pine. Rezumat: [Studiu comparativ al faunei de Carabidae din Tinoavele Mohoş si Luci] în perioada mai-octombrie 2003 am studiat fauna carabidologică a Tinoavelor Luci şi Mohoş, cu metoda capcanelor de sol. Trei habitate tipice au fost selectate din ambele mlaştini. In Tinovul Mohoş: (1) zona deschisă din centrul mlaştinii, (2) mestecănişul de-a lungul canalului central, (3) pinet, la est de canalul central. în Tinovul Luci: (1) zona deschisă din mijlocul tinovului, (2) pinet, respectiv (3) molidiş. Capcanele Barber cu etilen-glicol au fost depuse în transect, la 10 m distanţă una de cealaltă şi au fost golite lunar, timp de 5 luni. în general fauna de carabide a tinoavelor este săracă în specii, ceea ce a reieşit şi din studiul nostru. Au fost colectate în total 23 de specii de carabide (306 de indivizi), 17 specii (86 de indivizi) din Mohoş, respectiv 16 specii (220 de indivizi) din Luci. Dintre acestea 10 specii au fost colectate din ambele tinoave. Speciile cele mai abundente au fost Carabus violaceus şi Pterostichus aethiops. Din punct de vedere faunistic este interesantă specia Trechus marginális, care nu a fost semnalată până acum în afara Carpaţilor Meridionali. Ordonarea făcută pe baza analizei de coordinate principale (PCoA) arată că fauna de carabide a pinetelor din cele două tinoave seamănă cel mai mult dintre habitatele studiate, iar cel mai aproape de fauna pinetelor găsim fauna din molidiş. Fauna mestecănişului, respectiv a zonei centrale din Mohoş diferă de fauna pinetelor şi a molidişului. Fauna zonei deschise din Luci diferă semnificativ de toate celelalte habitate.