Dr. Szabó Lajos: A magyar ifjúság testi nevelésének története (A Sportmúzeum Kincsei 5. Budapest, 2004)

Az 1921. évi testnevelési törvény és a levente-sport

THE HUNGARIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM hallmarked by János Kmetykó and his colleagues was suitable for the requirements of the 1920ies. But during the interwar period sports and physical education together with some other areas of culture were very highly influenced by policy. Sports (and with it the military youth /levente/ organisations) had a disttinguished role, as the Trianon Peace Treaty, signed in 1920 forbid general compulsory military service. The preparatory military training came into the limelight, physical education as a subject normally belonged to the Ministry of Religion and Culture, but during this time the Ministry of War always had voice in the affairs. After the outbreak of World War Two military viewpoints had greater influence. Act 53 of 1921, the so called Physical Education Law, and its enacting clauses issued by Kuno Klebelsberg (1924), regulated the organisation and financial background of physical education and sports during the interwar period. Physical education became an accepted school subject, but the teachers did not have tha same rank and salary as the other colleagues, yet. It was compusory to train the members of the military youth organisations physically (until the age of 21), and sports facilities had to be ensured in every institute with more than 1000 students. Military youth sports organisations were founded in each of the administrative units where mostly veterans were employed as teachers. Some of these clubs became very favourable for the youth. From 1939 military exercises manifested themselves in these clubs and training became compulsory for the girls, too as a result of the Second World War.