XX. századi műemlékek és védelmük (A 26. Egri Nyári Egyetem előadásai 1996 Eger, 1996)

Előadások: - Suzanne van Aerschot-van Haeverbeeck: Recording and protecting the architectural heritage of the twentieth century in Belgium and especially in Flanders

An adapted methodology This extension in space, typology and time necessitated an adapted methodology. The fieldwork, implying a systematic visit of all places and streets of the area, remained still the basis for selecting the material to be inserted; In doing so a form, reflecting the analysis of a building/ ensemble, had to be filled in and general and detail photographs had to be made. This contact with all types of buildings in their original or transformed environment was considered as a conditio sine qua non for a correct perception and evaluation reckoning with the physical condition and the possible formal and functional adaptations. Besides it was also possible to collect on the spot information such as inscriptions with dates, names of the architect, contractor etc..

. Oral sources through contact with inhabitants etc... are valuable but must of course be treated with the necessary criticism. Research into bibliography and some historical records complements the statement. As a result of to the building regulations imposed by several local authorities since the nineteenth or the beginning of the twentieth century a building or rebuilding plan had to be approved by the municipality; when conserved in the local archives they provide valuable information on building period, names of the architect, of the client etc... adding thus some sociocultural connotation. Since the end of the nineteenth / beginning of the twentieth century it was required to enter a complete set of plans including groundplans, sections etc... what is quite interesting for a period when the façades do not necessary reflect the internal organisation; typical or exceptional examples were of course entered into the publication. Those plans are also very helpful because, except for a few cases, interiors of private buildings are not recorded systematically; this is considered as a too time-consuming activity in a first inventory-campaign. Private archives of architects or owners and contemporary architectural reviews, are other interesting sources for complementary information. The encountered mixed use of terminology such as

,,modernism", ,Junctionalism", ,,rationalism", ,,new objectivity" and of course ,,regionalism" also — and still- require a great deal of attention and precise definitions. The increasing inventory-documentation made it possible to establish little by little the general outlines of the actual evolution. It also allowed to compare the conception of determinate building types, among others of the twentieth century, and observe the evolution in the career of some architects; a number of them, who had quite some local importance, are for the first time entered in a broader context and in some way ,,rediscovered", what stimulates the further research on their work and articulates and differentiates the general approach. We refer here to the several articles on young heritage, regularly published by our own revieuw M&L (Monuments ans Sites) and to the numerous students' scripts using the inventory and its architects' register as a starting point for further study. It is obvious that the density and quality of the recorded twentieth century architectural heritage is related to the location and importance of the studied district or historical town. In historical centres such as the inventoried towns of Ghent, Antwerp and Brussels, there may be more items worth entering than expected. The young architectural heritage appears as a self-conscious insertion into the maintained or adapted scenography; very often it is a part of new urbanized areas in the town centre itself or of the then recently developed suburbs. The functions cover a wide range from individual and collective housing to offices and industrial buildings; in the new suburbs, public functions as churches, schools, hospitals.

.. represent elements of the