Veress Márton: A Bakony természettudományi kutatásának eredményei 23. - Covered karst evolution... (Zirc, 2000)

KARSTIFICATION

Fig. 29. Sediments in the exploration pit of wallow D-14 (karst terrain around the Homód-árok) (VERESS 1998) Legend: recent sediment and soil fill in wallow; 2. gray clay; 3. gray-yellow mixed clay; 4. slightly yellow clay; 5. variegated mixed clay; 6. boundary of material; 7. series with charcoal; 8. nodular charcoal; 9. iron-oxide; 10. limonite; 11. calcareous series; 12. probable shift of water conduit site during accumulation; 13. accumulation undistinguished; 14. slow accumulation (wallow state); 15. rapid accumulation (burial); 16. redeposition with depression, deposition within partial depression; 17. calcareous precipitation (seepage from terrain without wallow); 18. complete inactivation (limonite formation, groundwater); 19. beginning of sign approximately shows the surface of infiltration; 20. process localised within fossilising depression; 21. plugging of water conduit; 22. opening, water conduction; 23. denudation (erosional unconformity) Collapse dolines Particularly on surfaces of Middle Eocene nummulitic limestone (Szőc Formation) elongated depressions of several metre diameter, irregular planform and shallow (sometimes only several dm) depth are common; they are collapse dolines. The varieties distinguished are circular (Pict. 33), elongated wide and elongated narrow collapse dolines (Pict. 34). Circular collapse dolines have gentler slopes, less elongated and definitively withour drainage. The wide and narrow varieties have steep sides and the latter are less markedly without drainage. Collapse dolines form through the caving of cavities developed in the zone of flowing karst water. Their origin by caving is proved by the ceiling remnants found on their walls when the floors are excavated. The fill of the floor is composed partly of flat stone fragments deriving from the caved-in roof. Another piece of evidence is the traces of rockfalls on their 7cS