Dr. Galambos István (szerk.): A Bakonyi Természettudományi Múzeum Közleményei 11. (Zirc, 1992)

ROZNER ISTVÁN: A Bakony hegység levélbogarainak (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) állatföldrajzi vizsgálata

SUMMARY The leaf beetle fauna of the Bakony Mountains was written within the framework of "The Nature Landscape of Bakony Mountains" between 1962-1988. L. TÓTH (1979) prepared the compendium of leaf beetle fauna of the Bakony Mountains, then I. ROZNER published in four papers the newest results of the collections between 1986-1990. At the present time the existence of 384 leaf beetle species has been recorded from the mountains. The ancestors of the present leaf-beetles have to be sought in the Sagrinae subfamily. The Sagrinae subfamily appeared at the end of the Jurassic period , its development could be brought into connection with the evolution of the angiospermous plants. The place of development of Sagrinae was on the southern part of the ancient continent, on the Paleantarctic, in the Secondary period, from where they spread to the present tropical Africa, South-America and South-Eastern-Asia The evolution of leaf beetle subfamilies began by some branch from the Sagrinae in the Middle Cretaceous period. In the Tertiary period they reached Europe, Asia and North-America. The first fossils are known from the Eocene period in Europe, and from the Miocene period in North-America. The evolution of leaf beetle subfamilies were connected with the development of the mono- and dicotyledonous plants. The gigantic geological changes, the alpine mountain-formation, the change of the climatic relation helped the intense differentiations of species in the Tertiary period, at the same time these built a dam the boundless expansions of species. The general deterioration of the climate ensued in the Pleistocene, in the Quartemary period. Some parts of the Earth were glaciated as the glacial periods developed. The ice-ages succeeded the interglacial periods. Now 6 glacial periods are known, the last Würm-glacial period finished approximately 10 000 years ago. The Carpathian basin was not always glaciated. Therefore the Palearctic-Eurosiberian leaf beetle species could have been used to refuge territory and from there could have been diffused to the other parts of South- and South-Eastern Europe during the interglacial periods. The Mediterranean-Pontic species have migrated to the Carpathian Basin from the southern refuge territories following the flow of the Danube river route. The immigration has advanced the southern climatic effect and the settlement of some Mediterranean plants in the Basin. The Europeanalpine, boreal or boreomontan fauna-elements arrived in the territory from North-East. An introduced North-American species {Leptinotarsa decemlineata SAY) has spread in Hungary since the beginning of the 1950s. The composition is similar to the leaf-beetle fauna in the Bakony Mts. on the basis area-types: I. Palearctic-Euro-Siberian elements 187 species 48,9% II. Mediterranean-Pontic elements 132 species 34,5% III. European-alpine elements 64 species 16,4% IV. Introduced 1 species 0,2% This data corresponds with data of other beetles-families (e.g. Scarabaeidae). The Palearctic-Euro-Siberian species live in the territory of the Bakony Mountains. The Mediterranean species can be found mainly in the Balaton highlands and in the western inclines of the mountains. The European species live in the smaller areas of the Bakony Mts. The two endemic subspecies of the mountains can be found in Bakonybél {Chrysolina caerulea collina CSIKI) and in Lake Balaton (Haemonia mutica balatonica SZEKESSY) A szerző címe (Author's address): Rozner István 1116 Budapest Tétényi-út 129. Hungary