Hírközlési Múzeumi Alapítvány, Évkönyv, 2008
Rövid tartalmi összefoglaló angol nyelven
Axis Powers), supported Hungarian aspirations to recover the territorial losses resulting from the coerced ceding of parts of the country to neighbours after World War I through the Treaty of Trianon. The Vienna Decision, on November 2, 1938, restored portions of Czechoslovakia (today: Slovakia), with large ethnic Hungarian populations, to Hungary. To mark the occasion, the Royal Hungarian Post Office added two stamps to a series issued in June of that year in tribute to St. Stephen, founder of Hungary. These two stamps were different in price and colour from the others in the series, and bore an inscription Returning Home, 1938, that the others did not. However, the inscription, printed in red, was left off one sheet of these stamps - value 70 fillérs - by the State Printers. This misprinted sheet was shipped out to a tiny village in the region that had been returned to Hungary by the Vienna Decision, called Nagymánya (today Mana Velke, Slovakia). From there, 62 of the stamps had gone into circulation before the error was discovered. The remaining stamps were withdrawn from circulation, and they and some of the documentation surrounding the misprint, are now in the stamp museum. The author scrutinized the documentation and prepared a study in an effort to reconstruct the story of how the last truly rare Hungarian stamp came into being and how its subsequent history played out. Gabriella Nikodém: The Story of the Hungária Hungarian Philatelists’ Circle This is the third part of a series of studies begun in 2005. After discussing the beginnings of stamp collection in Hungary and the First Domestic Society of Letter Stamp Collectors, the author now focuses on the Hungária Hungarian Philatelists’ Circle. The Budapest Society of Stamp Collectors, established in 1896 was the forerunner of the Hungária Circle. It was established to allow less powerful collectors to get together; people who for monetary or social status reasons, had no hope of joining the Letter Stamp Collectors. Following its initial, general type, meetings, Hungária members not only exchanged stamps, but made a special effort to disseminate stamp collection and do the groundwork for specifically Hungarian philately. To this end, they worked to broaden the organization, first extending operations from the Buda side of Budapest to the Pest side as well. The author discusses the history of the Philatelists’ Circle, professional operations, research, and exhibitions from its very beginnings until 1952 when it began operating as the District Two stamp collecting circle of the National Association of Hungarian Stamp Collectors. Eva Grünwald Kozma: Factors damaging to artefacts in museum collections and at exhibits Collecting artefacts, processing and registering the collections, publication, and organizing exhibits is one component of curator work, while keeping the artefacts safe is another major part. Often we find artefacts made of differing materials such as painted wood, upholstered furniture, metal, leather and textiles, or single artefacts made of multiple materials, along with works of art made with varying techniques placed side by side at exhibits or stored in the same warehouses - sometimes even on the same shelf. What impact do they have on one another? How can we, inside the museums, protect our collections in warehouses or at exhibitions from physical, chemical, biological and 233
