Hírközlési Múzeumi Alapítvány, Évkönyv, 2008
Rövid tartalmi összefoglaló angol nyelven
internationally respected names. All three helped design television technology and this article offers an insight into their experiments and repeated tests. Ibolya Bartók: The development of an independent Hungarian postal service between 1867 and 1944 Since customs and commercial alliance agreements concluded with Austria continued to hold Hungary as a colony, the compromise agreement of 1867 did not allow the Royal Hungarian Post Office to become completely independent for it was listed among the ventures requiring mutual agreement. Nonetheless, the huge increase in postal traffic which typified the era, the boom in industry, the expansion of the railway network, and the appearance of the telegraph and the stamp initiated a process of tremendous economic and cultural advance which contributed to the restoration of Hungary’s nationhood after the period of reprisals following the lost war of independence of 1848. All this led to the establishment of a highly organized postal service as an institution that slowly won complete autonomy. Following the 1867 compromise agreement, the Hungarian government and the postal service as an institution faced huge tasks, which first of all involved turning a service that had become Germanized into a national one. This included urgently developing the neglected postal network and the roads, shifting the service centre towards Budapest, and securing up-to-date equipment. The author describes this process of development. Her summary review focuses on the top postal service managers between 1867 and 1944, describing the personal professional merits, lives, and efforts made by the successive post office presidents and chief executive officers. Ferenc Hernitz: The postal service institution of Sopron, 1850-1924 The Vienna royal court’s supreme postal management was terminated in February 1849. After the defeat of Hungary’s 1848/49 revolution and war of independence, as of March 1, 1859 the management of imperial postal matters was subordinated to Austria’s Imperial and Royal Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Public Works. Following the period of reprisals for the revolution, Hungary’s public administration was reorganized. Transylvania, Croatia, Slavonia, Serbia’s Vojvodina, the Timisoara region (today Romania) and the southern border was controlled directly from Vienna. The counties were terminated, and the remaining part of the country was divided into districts, headquartered in the Hungarian cities of Pest-Buda (today: Budapest), Pozsony (today: Bratislava, Slovakia), Sopron (West Hungary), Kassa (today: Kosice, Slovakia), and Nagyvárad (today: Oradea, Romania). These cities were military and public administration centres, as well as the headquarters for district postal centres. At that time, letter-mail, and coach-mail, which had been separate in Hungary, were united. The postal centres received higher levels of authority than the prior main post offices had held, and their first actions were to reorganize the postal services and postal routes suspended because of the war, as well as to secure their operation and manage and supervise them. The author focuses on this period in summarizing the story of the postal centre at Sopron during the era of absolutism, the compromise between Austria and Hungary (1867), World War I., and the subsequent reshaping of Hungary’s borders and cutting away of much of its territory, by the Treaty of Trianon. 231
