Postai és Távközlési Múzeumi Alapítvány Évkönyve, 2001
Tartalmi összefoglaló angol nyelven
and his personal and professional relationship with the Csonka brothers and János Csonka Sr. dated from this time. Mrs. János Solymosi: Cavallinis In its seventy-year history the Stamp Museum has increased its core collection, and also has become home to numerous philatelic documents donated as gifts or willed to it as legacies by people who have wanted the public to enjoy the treasures of domestic and world postal and philatelic history. We shall be reviewing the outstanding philatelic documents received from these benefactors in successive yearbooks. The Stamp Museum’s special collections are quite varied and focus on a multitude of themes. They were acquired by the museum through purchases, donations, and legacies. We have retained the ideas of the original owners when processing and presenting these collections, which are maintained separately. The name of the original collector has been included in displays that were donated or came to us through legacies. In 1980, the museum received a collection through the legacy of botanist Rezső Soó, PhD (1903-1980), a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and two-time winner of the Kossuth Prize, the highest state award in science. Rezső Soó was a museum benefactor and a well-known philatelist. His collection is the largest and most valuable of the museum’s special collections. It includes 225,000 stamps from many countries of the world separated into 24 motifs, and numerous unusual philatelic documents. This study describes the rare “Cavallinis ” of Sardinia. These were sheets of letter paper containing a post office stamp signifying receipt of payment used in the early part of the 19th century, and called Cavallinis, or little horses. In the early 19th century the post office in Sardinia had authority over both official and private correspondence. This meant that a permit was required to send each letter. The permits were issued by the nearest post office in exchange for a modest fee, certified by stamping the letter with a seal. In 1818, the Kingdom of Sardinia issued a decree to facilitate the postal transfer of letters and the collection of fees. Under it, sheets of letter paper were pre-printed with the fee-stamp included. The first of these letter papers were printed in January 1819, and a second and permanent issue went on sale in November 1819. They were purchasable in post offices and tobacco shops, which also were a royal monopoly. These letters were printed in three denominations for different distances and in addition to the value-stamp, all contained the image of a cherub-like figure blowing a postal hom. Italian postal historians qualify these pre-paid letter papers as postal invoices. The postal historians of other countries dispute this but have been unable to disprove the claim. Erzsébet Angyal: Ferenc Helbing’s Letter to Elemér Czakó At the 6,h Arkánum Antiquarian auction in March 2001, the Stamp Museum purchased a hand-written letter from graphic artist, painter, and art teacher Ferenc Helbing (1870- 1958), written on November 5, 1940. The envelope is missing, and page one of the two- page single-sheet letter contains a stamp from the National Archive, covered by a second 205
