Folia Theologica 22. (2011)

Szuromi Szabolcs Anzelm O.Praem.: Medieval Canonical Sources and Categories of Singular Administrative Acts

MEDIEVAL CANONICAL SOURCES AND CATEGORIES ... 113

66-6730); moreover there is the textual family of the Decretum of St. Ivo of Chartres (ID 431 and 532), and also the family of Tripartita 1. 45. 2.33 This is true also in case of the Summa de casibus, which was compiled by Bartholomeus de Pisa34 in 1338 (e.g., Rossiyskaya Nationalnaya Bibliotéka Ermit. lat. 11).35

I. Decree (Decretum)

A decretum or decretalis was generally pronounced to manage singular cases. It contained a rescript, privilege, or response to individual persons. In Roman Law, the word decretum, derived from the verb decerno, means a decision of the magistrate, which was made on the ground of imperium and not on the ground of judicial or legislative competence36 (e.g., D. 1. 4.1.1; D. 1.16. 9.1; D. 26. 3. 2; D. 36. 1.81; D. 37.1. 3.1; etc.). Those who exercised public authority had the necessary power to make decisions of this kind; thus the pontifices (D. 11. 7. 8)37, the principes and the caesar (D. 1. 1. 7; D. 1. 4. 1; D. 4. 6. 1; D. 5. 2. 28138, the

30 Thaner297.

31 PL CLXI. 263-322.

32 PL CLXI. 321M38.

33 Brett, M., Tripartita (10th August 2011), http://knowledgeforge.net/.

34 Erdő, P., Geschichte der Wissenschaft vom kanonischen Recht. Eine Einführung (Kirchenrechtliche Bibliothek 4), Berlin 2006. 100, 118.

35 Szuromi, Sz. A., Some Canonical Manuscripts in the Collection of the National Library of St. Petersburg, in Archiv für katolisches Kirchenrecht 179 (2010) 20-26.

36 D. 26. 3. 3: Mulier liberis non recte testamento tutorem dat: sed is dederit, decreto praetoris vel proconsulis ex inquisitione confirmabit nec satisdabit pupillo rem salvam fore. Sed et si curator a matre testamento datus sit filiis eius, decreto confirmatur ex inquisitione. Mommsen, T. (ed.), Digesta (retr. Krüger, P.), Berolini 1928.15 336.

37 D. 11. 7. 8: Ossa quae ab alio illata sunt vel corpus an liceat domino loci effodere vel eruere sine decreto pontificum seu iussu principis, questionis est: et ait Labeo exspectandum vel permissum pontificale seu iussionem principis, alioquin iniuriarum fore actionem adversus eum qui eiecit. (...). Mommsen, T. (ed.), Digesta (retr. Krüger, P.), 155.

38 D. 5. 2. 28: (...) Hadrianus decrevit hereditatem ad filium pertinere ita, ut libertates et legata praestentur, hic illud adnotatum quod de libertatibus et legatis adicitur: nam cum inofficiosum testamentum arguitur, nihil ex eo testamento valet. Mommsen, T. (ed.), Digesta (retr. Krüger, P.), 80.