Folia Canonica 10. (2007)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE - Szabolcs Anzelm Szuromi: Development of the Clerical Duties and Rights Based on the 11th-12th Centuries. Canonical Collections
218 SZABOLCS ANZELM SZÚROM! ication of the church (cf. D. 1 c. 16 de cons.71), but we can find also a precise list about the obligatory feasts when all pastor must celebrate Holy Mass in the presence of the faithful.72 We would like to remind you here of a supplementary part which belongs to some 12th century textual-witnesses of the Panormia as a final enlargment, containing instructions to pastors about ecclesiastical feasts and other events of the yearly work at the parish. Gratian is quoting a letter of Pope Alexander II (1061-1073) about the sufficient daily mass for priests. If that is necessary, for funeral can be celebrated another one (D. 1 c. 53 de cons).73 A long list of canons describes liturgical rules for priest and bishops about the licit celebration of the single parts of Holy Mass (D. 1 c. 57- D. 2 c. 97 de cons.74). But we can read also rules about the exercise the priestly office - most especially when the priest cares for the Holy Eucharist and Holy Oils.75 Conclusion Based on the above analysis, 12th century canonical collections developes a clear view of a logical structure of clerical duties. In the center we find the ordained server, who administers the sacraments and gives examples through his life for the consecration of the daily life. The ecclesiastical discipline and ecclesiology of the patristic time became the lasting basis of the new canonical material of the Early and High Middle Ages. Beside the bishop’s higher power of 71 D. 1 c. 16 de cons.: Solempnitates dedicationum ecclesiarum, et sacerdotum, per singulos annos sunt celebrandae. §. 1. De ecclesiarum consecrationibus quociens dubitatur, ut nec certa scriptura, nec testes existunt, a quibus consecratio sciatur, absque ulla dubitatione scitote eas esse sacrandas; nec talis trepidatio facit iterationem, quoniam non monstratur esse iteratum quod nescitur factum. Friedberg 1.1298. 72 D. 3 c. 1 de cons.: (...) Natalis Domini, S. Stephani, S. Iohannis Euangelistae, Innocentium, S. Siluestri, Octauae Domini Theophaniae, Purificatio S. Mariae, sanctum Pasca cum tota hebdomada, Rogationes tribus diebus, Ascensio Domini, sancti dies Pentacostes, S. Iohannis Baptistae, duodecim Apostolorum, et maxime sanctorum Petri et Pauli, qui mundum sua pre- dicationc illuminaucrunt, S. Laurentii, Assumptio S. Mariae, Natiuitas S. Mariae, Dedicatio, S. Michaelis Archangeli, Dedicatio cuiuscumque oratorii, et omnium sanctorum, et S. Martini, et illae festiuitates, quas singuli episcopi in suis episcopis cum populo collaudauerint, que uicinis tantum circummorantibus indicendae sunt, non generaliter omnibus. (...) Friedberg I. 1353. 73 D. 1 c. 53 de cons.: Sufficit sacerdoti unam in die una celebrare missam, quia Christus semel passus est, et totum mundum redemit. Non modica res est unam missam facere, et ualde felix qui unam digne celebrare potest. Quidam tamen pro defunctis unam faciunt, et alteram de die, si necesse sit. Qui uero pro pecuniis aut adulationibus secularium una die presumunt plu- res facere missas, non estimo eudere dampnationem. Friedberg I. 1308. 74Friedberg I. 1310-1352, cf. D. 1 c. 70 de cons., Friedberg I. 1313. 75 D. 4 cc. 122-123 de cons., Friedberg I. 1399.
