Folia Canonica 10. (2007)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE - Szabolcs Anzelm Szuromi: Development of the Clerical Duties and Rights Based on the 11th-12th Centuries. Canonical Collections

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CLERICAL DUTIES AND RIGHTS

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wear proper liturgical vestments.31 Every priest hast to celebrate Holy Mass in his own church on every single Sunday which must be introduced by sprinkling the faithful with holy water (can. 52).32 At Easter, Christmas, Pentecost the Mass has to be in the episcopal cathedral of his city; but in especial circumstances the mass can be celebrated at the parish, as it is indicated in c. 76.33 Moreover, c. 77 lists those feast days which have to be celebrated in every parish.The diocesan bishop has authority to give permission for sermon to priests or religious (c. 158).34 The homilies must to explain in general to the faithful the confidence in the Holy Trinity, and in Our Lady, the Virgin Mary. This is improved by the apostolic creed which has to be prayed on every Sunday (59- 64).35 Those canons which are quotation from the apostolic canons show well the atmosphere of the contemporary Sunday Mass, they say: “the priest has to give a homily in understandable form.” These ancient texts indicate the importance of active participation of the faithful during the Holy Sacrifice (see cc. 67-68).36 The next few canons give orders of pastoral activity of bishops and priests (catechism, care of the sicks, celebration of funeral, prayers, blessings - for instance on people or houses - : cc. 69-74,89).37 The priest does not have any authority to leave his own

31 BW 2. 50: Ut nullus presbyter absque amictu, alba, et stola, et fanone, et causa ullatenus praesumat Missam celebrare: et haec sacra vestimenta mundissima sint, et in nitido loco infra Ecclesiam collocentur: nec unquam presbyter his indutus extra Ecclesiam eceat: quia hoc divina lex prohibet.FRANSEN, G.-Kölzer, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 39rb.

32 BW 2. 52: Omnibus diebus dominicis quisque presbyter in sua Ecclesia ante Missae so- lennia aquam benedictam faciat in vase nitido, et tanto mysterio convenienti, de qua populus intrans Ecclesiam aspergatus, et atrium eiusdem Ecclesiae cum crucibus circumeundo similiter aspergat, et pro animabus ibidem quiescentibus oret. Et qui volverit in vasculis suis accipiat ex ipsa aqua, et per mansiones, et agros, et vineas, super pecora quoque sua, atque super pabula eorum, nec non super cibos et potum suum conspergat. Cf. canon 53; Fransen, G.-KöL- ZER, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 39rb-39va.

33 BW 2.76: Item docendi sunt cives, ut.Pascha, Natalem domini, et Pentecosten in civitatibus cum episcopis suis, nisi infirmitas impedierit, celebrent, accipiendae communionis vel benedictionis gratia, et qui hoc neglexerint communione priventur. Fransen, G.-Kölzer, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 41 vb.

34 FRANSEN, G.-KöLZER, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 47va.

35 BW 2.59: In primis praedicandum est omnibus generaliter, ut credant patrem et filium, et spiritum sanctum unum Deum esse omnipotentem, qui omnia fecit, et unam esse deitatem et substantiam et maiestatem in tribus personis, patris, et filii, et spiritus sancti. Fransen, G.-KÖLZER, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 40rb.

36 BW 2. 68: Omnes Christiani qui ingrediuntur Ecclesiam Dei, et scripturas sacras audiunt, neque communicant in oratione cum populo, sed pro quadam intemperantia se a perceptione sanctae communionis auertunt, hi de Ecclesia removeantur, donec per confessionem poenitentiae fructus ostendant.FRANSEN, G.-KÖLZER, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 4Ira.

37 Fransen, G.-Kölzer, Th. (Hrsg.), Burchard von Worms, 41ra-41vb, 42vb.