Dr. Murai Éva - Gubányi András szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 28. (Budapest, 1995)

In view of of the 50% EH prevalence, the 10 wild boars shot in the winter period of 1982-1983 were subjected to haematologic examination (Table 1; Sikó Barabási and László 1983, Sikó Barabási 1991d). In a survay of alveolar echinococcosis (E. multilocularis) between 1989 and 1992 a total of 422 rodents were examined by routine pathological and histopathological methods, in addition to the domestic and game animals listed above (Sikó Barabási 199Id, 1992b). Examination of adult worms: Taenia infestation of 2,581 living dogs was established by the examinination of faecal samples. We also tried to determine E. granulosus or E. multilocularis infestation in 432 dead dogs, 535 red foxes shot on huntings and 1,418 silver foxes skinned in order to be sold. The small intestines had previously been soaked in 4% formalin which was prepared with physiological saline. The small intestines were opened and examined stereomicroscopically. From the mucous membrane suspected of being infected a smear was prepared by fixation in Berlese solution for microscopic examination, and then examined under a trichinoscope. For morphologic examination the preparations were stained with iron acetocarmine as described by Georgiev et al. (1986). RESULTS In the period between 1980 and 1990 a total of 875,690 food animals (cattle, swine, sheep), 2,581 dogs, 1,418 cultured silver foxes, 535 red foxes, 422 voles were examined parasitologically, with especial regard to the different types of echinococcosis [adult E, granulosus in dogs; the prevalence and incidence of larval cases of echinococcosis (EH) in cattle, sheep, swine, wild boar, deer (Cervus elaphus), roe-deer (Capreolus capreolus) and bear (Ursus arctos) populations; E. multilocularis larval infestation (AE) in cattle and voles]. EH infestation of cattle (Fig. 2A): 23.3% of

20,967 cattle slaughtered annually in average were infected. Hydatidosis was the most prevalent in the regions of Baraolt and Batanii Mari (Fig. IB, 41.0-68.3%)), followed by the regions of Virghis, AitaMare, Haghig(31.9, 26.6 and 36.2%); and the regions of Catalina, Turia, Bisericani (50.0, 20.5, 32.3%). EH prevalence in cattle herds of several owners showed an interesting variability: animals kept on state farms had the highest infection rate (33.3%»), followed by animals kept in farmers' cooperatives (26.0%o), on private farms (28.3%>), and in various feedlot units (19.1%»). Table 2 shows the distribution of EH infestation in cattle by organ. The quantity of liver condemned per year because of EH was 35,410.7 kg, which is worth more than 100,000 USD (Fig. 3). 1981 1

9BZ 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 19811982198319841985 1986

19B7198819891990 Fig. 2. Prevalence of EH infestation in cattle (A) and sheep (B) by year (open bar = slaughterhouses, solid bar = other units, line = average).