Dr. Murai Éva szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 20. (Budapest, 1987)

Remark The description of the structure of this type of pharynx was given by BLAIR (1983), under the species Schizamphistomoides spinolosum

, but it was not named, 2. Pfenderius type (Fig. 5) Anterior and posterior sphincters present, anterior sphincter somewhat larger than posterior one. Interior circular units poorly developed, middle circular units moderately so. Interior longitudinal fibres weakly developed, situated along both sides of middle circular series Exterior longitudinal fibres consisting of strongly developed fibres. Radial fibres evenly distributed and ramifying in periphery. Primary pharyngeal sacs small. (Valid for Pfenderius heterocaeca.) Types of pharynx with primary pharyngeal sacs situated extramural This group of pharynx comprises nine already known types (Amurotrema Sey, 1985; Balanorchis Eduardo, 1983; Cladorchis Näsmark, 1937; Ferrus-equinum Sey, 1983; Megacotyle Sey, 1983; Megalodiscus Sey, 1983; Microrchis Näsmark, 1937; Pseudochiorchis Tandon, 1970; Subclavatus Sey, 1983) and six new ones to be described below. Figs. 1-3: Schematic representation of the types and the structures of the pharynx. 1= Structure of a general type of pharynx seen in median sagittal section (key to abbreviations: as - anterior sphincter; be - basal circular units; ec - exterior circular units; el - exterior longitudinal units; ic - interior circular units; il - interior longitudinal fibres; Is - lip sphincter; mc - middle circular units; o- oesophagus; phb - pharyngeal bulb; pphs - primary pharyngeal sac; ps -posterior sphincter; rf - radial fibres; sphs - secondary pharyngeal sac); 2= Pharynx with primary pharyngeal sacs; 3= Pharynx with pharyngeal bulb and secondary pharyngeal sacs.