Dr. Murai Éva szerk.: Parasitologia Hungarica 18. (Budapest, 1985)

This character makes the genus Paranoplocephala very closely related to the genera Andrya and Aprostatandrya, but not to Anoplocephaloides. Nevertheless, all these facts, i.e. the known close relation between the genera

Paranoce- phala, Aprostatandrya and Andrya, the slight and hardly discernible differences between their characters (and between the species of these genera), as well as the difficulties in their correct identification, do not exclude the existence of synonyms, the identification of which is very difficult without actual material. Figs 1-7: Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Hermann, 1783) (1= scolex, host M. arvalis, Hungary; 2 = scolex, host C. glareolus, Switzerland; 3= mature segment, host M. arvalis, Hungary; 4= mature segment, host C. glareolus, Switzerland; 5= mature segment, host M. arvalis, Hungary; 6-7= genital opening, cirrus, cirrus sac, vesicula seminalis interna, part of vesicula seminalis externa, vagina, part of seminal receptacle; 6= host C. glareolus Switzerland; 7= host M. arvalis, Hungary)