Schramek László: Az állandó hadsereg eltartásának kérdései a 18. század első felében Pest megye példáján keresztül - Előmunkálatok Pest megye monográfiájához 7. (Budapest, 2011)
Összefoglalás
Summary The dissertation deals with the supply and billeting system of the Army of the Habsburg Monarchy, and also with cooperation between civilian and military offices, a field of Hungarian military history which has not been much researched till this time not. The conceptions of the social elite of the era concerning this problem had to be investigated within the frame of this thesis. The dissertation outlines the laws and royal orders regulating the billeting of soldiers, the background of codification of the laws and finally the execution of the orders in relation to a certain territory of Hungary, that is Pest County. Between the 1670’s and 1757 the high magistrate of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Hungarian Kingdom noted down a dozen of administrative plans partly regarding the billeting and supply of the army more or less in details. The editors of these documents counseled to garrison the soldiers in casernes without exception. Furthermore, the projects of the Hungarian estates persisted that the soldiers should exclusively be garrisoned at border of the Ottoman Empire. The laws made at the Hungarian Parliament dealt seldom with the army, for this reason the orders issued by the kings (the so called regulamenta militaria) regulated the questions of the supply of the army. The decrees issued between 1683 and 1751 became more and more detailed concerning the billeting and commissarial system of the armed forces. During the seven decades the civil authorities gained new executive rights in public duties regarding the army, for example in the field of jurisdiction and finance. The royal orders stated clearly that they are the outcome of parliamentary negotiations. At the Diet the Hungarian nobility could modify the scheduled measures in many ways, mainly if the financial or military interest of the monarchy was not affected. In most cases however it took decades to amend some paragraphs, like the abolition of free work of the serfs at fortresses and the free delivery labour of the peasantry. Following the execution of the decrees it became evident that the soldiers frequently claimed services that were beyond their rights. Furthermore it came to light that the imperial army often drafted hundreds or sometimes more than a thousand carriages belonging to the village people in the first half of the 18th century. In the course of the daily connection, the soldiers and civil inhabitants caused material damages to each other, and they also committed crimes, which were hard to clear up, for the investigations were delayed by the people concerned in the criminal action. The forced cooperation of the citizens and the army in the first half of the 18,h century embittered the everyday life of both the village people and the often badly-paid soldiers. 245
