Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 98. (Budapest 2006)

Makranczy, Gy.: Systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the genera in the Carpelimus group (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae)

Sciotrogiis SHARP, 1887 (type species: Sciotrogus opacus SHARP, 1887) Neoxus HERMAN, 1970 (type species: Neoxus crassicornis CASEY, 1889) Description - Although this taxon/clade is not analyzed in detail, it must be dealt with here, since it is (at least according to the previous phylogenetic hypotheses) sister to the clade that is the subject of this revision. Very small to medium-sized (0.6-3.5 mm), usually medium to light brown, but some species darker coloured. Body with dense but short pubescence. Elytra parallel-sided, suture dehiscent, temples developed, abdomen broadest at (or around) the 6th segment. Males of several species can be recognized by the tips of their elongated aedeagi or the flagella exposed at the abdominal apex. Head. Clypeus [1] well developed, epistomal sulcus [2] present. Eyes [3] not extending to the ventral portion of the head. Gular sulci [4] confluent at least anteriorly. Head [5] without midline keel. The mola [6] on the mandibles separated, well developed. Labrum [7] undivided, rounded [8]. Setation behind front of labrum [9] in middle much smaller, irregular or missing. Dorsal seta [10] on epipharynx absent. Hypopharynx [11] undivided, without coriaceous field [12] on ventral side. Lateral row of bulbous setae [13] absent. Front of hypopharynx [14] not entirely covered with setae, no setae [15] on mid-line. Median sclerotized plate of hologlossa [16] anteriorly enlarged into a plate. Last palpomere of maxillary palp [17] fully formed, strongly bulbous basally, digitiform sensillae [18J presenton last palpomere, arranged [19] in parallel fashion. Basal segment of labial palp [20] not hairy. Antennae [21] straight and [22] moderately elongated. - Thorax. Prosternai process [23] pointed, scutellum [24] sometimes with pubescence, hypomera [25] sometimes exposing protrochantins. - Legs. Tibia [26] with mid-tibial spur(s) but [27] without spines or rows of stiff setae. Tarsal segmentation [28] 2-2-2 with no pseudosegment [29] and basal articles [30] compressed. Ventral setae [31] modified to form tarsal lobes, last tarsomere [32] only with sparse setae. Elytra. Elytra [33] without puncture-rows, elytral suture [34] parallel, epipleural ridge [35] present. Abdomen. Abdomen [36] with two pairs of laterosclerites. Intersegmental membrane [37] without brickwall pattern. Second sternite [38] fully developed, first sternite [39] completely absent. Tergal basolateral ridges [40] present, carina [41] not present on any sternites. Fimbriate edge [42] on tergite VII unmodified. Tergum X [43] not divided, its dorsal struts [44] not developed, its basolateral parts [45] not fused to tergum IX. - Secondary sexual characters. Macrocephaly [46] absent, macrothoracy [47] absent. Sternum VII without spines [48] or row of modified setae [49]. The apical edge of sternite VIII [50] shows sexual dimorphism, but bears no tubercles. - Male terminalia. Sternum IX [51 ] present, with setae [52] on apex. - Male genitalia. Aedeagus median lobe [53] bulb-like, internal sclerites [54] present, symmetrical/paired. Apical opening [55] well developed, not modified into clasping structure. Median face membranous [56], without apicomedial hook [57]. Parameres [58] not wrapping, without extra lobe [59] or membranous region [60], with sometimes one seta [61] each. Sometimes with visible pump and flagellum [62]. - Female terminalia. Female genital appendages [63] are sometimes present. Sclerites (possible remnant of sternum X) [64] sometimes appear as small ring. - Female genitalia. Spermatheca [65] sclerotized. Receptacle [66] divided or undivided, associated with visible [67] spcrmathecal gland, tubular portion [68] penetrating distal bulb, umbilicus [69] present or absent. Sclerotized "tube" [70] cannot be found. Diversity and distribution - Thinobius is distributed worldwide, although apparently not as abundant or specious in the tropics as in the temperate regions. Thinobius species are found mainly in periaquatic situations, near (fast running) streams or a small number of species near ponds and on intertidal mud flats. The genus at present contains about 120 named species. Neoxus and Sciotrogus pre-