Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 98. (Budapest 2006)

Makranczy, Gy.: Systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the genera in the Carpelimus group (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae)

Clypeus [1] well developed, epistomal sulcus [2] present. Eyes [3] not extending to the ventral portion of the head. Gular sulci [4] confluent at least anteriorly. Head [5] without dorsal midline keel. The mola [6] on the mandibles separated, well developed. Labrum [7] undivided, transverse [8]. Setation behind front of labrum [9] in middle much smaller, irregular or missing. Dorsal seta [10] on cpipharynx absent. Hypopharynx [11] undivided, with coriaceous field [12] on ventral side. Lateral row of bulbous setae [13] absent. Front of hypopharynx [14] not entirely covered with setae, no setae [15] on mid-line. Median sclerotized plate of hologlossa [16] anteriorly enlarged into a plate with central stick either or not continuing till end. Last palpomere of maxillary palp [17] fully formed, strongly bulbous basally, digitiform sensillae [18] present on last palpomere, arranged [19] in parallel fashion. Labial palp [20] not hairy. Antennae [21] straight and [22] moderately elongated. The 7th antennomere is usually asymmetrical, in a few species this is very well expressed. - Thorax. Prosternal process [23] pointed, scutellum [24] without pubescence, hypomera [25] exposing protrochantins. - Legs. Tibia [26] with mid-tibial spur(s) but [27] without spines or rows of stiff setae. Tarsal segmentation [28] 5-5-5 with no pseudosegment [29] and basal articles [30] compressed. Ventral setae [31] modified to form tarsal lobes, last tarsomere [32] only with sparse setae. - Elytra. Elytra [33] without puncture-rows, elytral suture [34] parallel, epipleural ridge [35] present. - Abdomen. Abdomen [36] with two pairs of latcrosclerites. Intersegmental membrane [37] without brickwall pattern. Second sternite [38] fully developed, first sternite [39] present as 2 small sclerites embedded in the membrane of the second. Tergal basolateral ridges [40] absent, carina [41] not present on any stemitcs. Fimbriate edge [42] on tergitc VII sometimes modified into comb. Tergum X [43] not divided, its dorsal struts [44] not developed, its basolateral parts [45] not fused to tergum IX. - Secondary sexual characters. Macrocephaly [46] absent, macrothoracy [47] absent. Sternum VII without spines [48] or row of modified setae [49]. The apical edge of sternite VIII [50] shows sexual dimorphism, but bears no tubercles. - Male terminalia. Male (Figs 59-60, 62-64) sternum IX [51] present, with setae [52] on apex. - Male genitalia. Aedeagus median lobe [53] bulb-like, internal sclerites [54] present or absent, if present, asymmetrical/unpaired. Apical opening [55] well developed, not modified into clasping structure. Median face membranous [56], without apicomedial hook [57]. Parameres [58] not wrapping, sometimes with extra lobe [59], sometimes with membranous region [60], without setae [61]. Without visible pump and flagellum [62]. - Female terminalia. Female (Figs 59, 61, 65-67) genital appendages [63] are divided into coxites, valvifers and styli. Sclerites (possible remnant of sternum X) [64] appear as small ring. - Female genitalia. Spermatheca [65] unsclerotized (characters 66, 68, 69 therefore not applicable). Spermathecal gland [67] visible. Sclerotized "tube" [70] cannot be found. Diversity and distribution - Ochthephilus have approximately 70 species occurring throughout the Nearctic and Palearctic regions, including the western range of the Himalayas, the Chinese states Sichuan and Yunnan and montanous Taiwan. Occurrence of the genus in Northern Burma is likely, but yet unconfirmed. The species exclusively live in sand and gravel on streambanks, mosses on rocks near streams or in similarly wet habitats in caves. Most species are confined to higher elevations, with very few specimens/species found in lowlands (usually special, azonal areas).