Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 94. (Budapest 2002)

Sziráki, Gy. ; Dulai, A.: Sarmatian (Late Miocene) arthropods from Tállya and neighbouring localities (Tokaj Mts, Hungary): preliminary report

Simeria (Piski) (R2) - Upper Miocene: Hymenoptera (4) (PONGRÁCZ 1928b). Sotrile (R20) - Tertiary: Coleoptera (1) (PAUCA & COIBANU 1978). Suslanesti - Muscel (R

18) - Oligocène: Heteroptera (1), Coleoptera (1) (PAUCA & COIBANU 1978, PAUCA & PAINA 1981). Timpa (Tompa) (Rl) - Miocene: Isoptera (2), Diptera (3) (PONGRÁCZ 1928a). Slovakia Biely Pótok (Fehérpatak) (SI) - Pleistocene: Odonata (1) (PAX 1908). Gánovce (Gánocz) (S3) - Pleistocene: Diptera (2) (PAX 1908). Lucky (Lucski) (S2) - Pleistocene: Diptera (1) (PAX 1908). Mala Lehota (S4) - Age is not given: Diptera (1) (RlHA 1979). Ukraine Borislav (Boryslaw) (Ul) - Pleistocene: Orthoptera (1), Heteroptera (4), Coleoptera (70), Lepidoptera (1), Diptera (2) (HANDLIRSCH 1908, ANGUS 1973). Myshin (Myszyn) (U3) - Miocene: Coleoptera (1) (HANDLIRSCH 1908). Starunia (U2) - Pleistocene: Orthoptera (1), Hemiptera (1), Coleoptera ("a lot of species"), Diptera ("several species") (HANDLIRSCH 1908, ANGUS 1973, NOWAK et al. 1930). GEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND The Tokaj Mts are the easternmost part of the Northern Hungarian Range and mainly consist of Miocene volcanic formations. These hills belong to the so-called Inner Carpathian Volcanic Chain and a very variegated volcanic activity took place in this area about 15-9 million years ago. The volcanic rocks are very diverse from the rhyolite to the basalt and the total thickness of the lavas and tuffs is more than 3000 m at some places. The volcanism started in the Badenian (Middle Miocene), mainly in marine environment. The most powerful eruptions were in the Sarmatian and the volcanic activity finished in the Pannonian. The Central Paratethys (including the Carpathian Basin) occluded from the world oceans during the Sarmatian, therefore the sedimentary formations intercalating within the Lower Sarmatian volcanics, contain very typical brackish water mollusc fauna (Pirenella, Cerithium, Cardium, Ervilia, Modiola). The Upper Sarmatian sequences show more or less fresh water and terrestrial environments. Several smaller or larger limnobrack and fresh water basins appeared on the uneven surface of the so-called Upper Rhyolite Tuff. A great amount of dissolved Si0

9 arrived into the lakes by thermal springs connecting to the post-volcanic activity. Another important source of dissolved Si0

2 is the intensive weathering of silicium-rich volcanic rocks (e. g. rhyolite) on the warm subtropical climate of the Late Miocene. The extreme high