Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 92. (Budapest 2000)

Melika, G., Csóka, Gy. ; Pujade-Villar, J.: Check-list of oak gall wasps of Hungary, with some taxonomic notes (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipinae, Cinipini)

albipes: MAYR 1882, Neuroterus albipes albipes: DALLA TORRE & KlEFFER 1910; Neuroterus codinae TAVARES, 1928; the unisexual generation produces Neuroterus laeviusculus SCHENCK, 1863, Neuroterus pezizaeformis SCHLECHTENDAL, 1870, Cynips pezizaefonnis; KALTENBACH 1874. The subspecies, Neuroterus albipes lusitanicus TAVARES, 1902, described on the basis of chromatic differences only and which are of no diagnostic value, we consider as a syn. n. of N. cdbipes. - KlEFFER (1897-1901) described a new variety of this species, N. laeviusculus var. reflexus, which later was erected to the subspecies level, Neuroterus albipes reflexus (DALLA TORRE & KlEFFER 1910) (Fig. 78e). In Hungary this subspecies associates with Q. robur only (AMBRUS 1974a), absent from the Iberian Peninsula. It might be interesting to do some field experiments with this subspecies, because it is possible that it might be a distinct species - its gall significantly differs from that of the unisexual generation of N. albipes. - Alternate uni- and bisexual generations are known (ADLER 1881, PUJADE-VlLLAR 1985). The bisexual generation induces spangle galls on leaves (Fig. 78b-d), the unisexual generation produces galls on the leaf margin on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. robur, and Q. farnetto; occasionally on Q. cerris (Figs 78b-d). ambrusi MELIKA, STONE et CSÓKA, 1999 - Only the unisexual generation is known to induce catkin galls on Q. cerris only. The species was found in the vicinity of Tatabánya (MELIKA, STONE & CSÓKA 1999) (Figs79a-b). anthracina (CURTIS, 1838) - Synonyms: unisexual generation: Cynips anthracina CURTIS, 1838, Neuroterus anthracina: PUJADE-VlLLAR, ROS-FARRÉ & ARNEDO 1998; Diplolepis flavipes FONSCOLOMBE, 1832, Cynips flavipes: DALLA TORRE 1893, Cynips ostria HARTIG, 1840, Neuroterus ostreus: GlRAUD 1859, Andricus ostreus: MAYR 1882, Neuroterus ostrea major TAVARES, 1992, Andricus ostreae: MOKRZECKI 1929, Andricus ostria: KlERYCH 1979, Andricus anthracina: QuiNLAN & FERGUSON 1981 ; bisexual generation: Neuroterus furunculus BEYERINCK, 1882, Andricus furunculus: KlEFFER 1897-1901. - Alternate uni- and bisexual generations are known. The bisexual generation induces small rounded leaf underside galls (Figs 80b-e), usually on lateral veins; the unisexual generation produces galls on the surface of the shoot axis on Q. petraea and Q. pubescens (Fig. 80a). lanuginosus GlRAUD, 1859 - Synonyms: Cynips lanuginosus: KALTENBACH 1867. - Only the unisexual generation is known to induce spangle-like galls, usually found in small groups on the underside on Q. cerris leaves (Figs 81 a-b). macropterus (Hartig, 1843) - Synonyms: Cynips macroptera HARTIG, 1843, Dryophanta macroptera: MAYR 1870, Neuroterus macropterus: MAYR 1882. - Only the unisexual generation is known to induce galls within the apex of shoots 1-2 years old, often found in large groups on Q. cerris (Figs 82a-b). minutulus GlRAUD, 1859 - Synonyms: Cynips minutulus: KALTENBACH 1867. - Only the unisexual generation is known to induce leaf galls on veins, usually on the underside of the leaf on Q. cerris only (Fig. 83). numismalis (FOURCROY, 1785) - Synonyms: unisexual generation: Cynips numismalis FOURCROY, 1785, Neuroterus numismatis [sic!J OLIVIER, 1790, Neuroterus reaumurii HARTIG, 1840, Cynips reamuri: KALTENBACH 1867', Neuroterus numismalis: KIEFFER 1897-1901; Cynips quercus tiarae CURTIS, 1843, Neuroterus defectus HARTIG, 1840 (PUJADE-VlLLAR & ROSS-FARRÉ 2000, in print), Neuroterus nigricornis SCHENCK, 1863; bisexual generation: Cynips vesicatrix SCHLECHTENDAL, 1870, Spathegaster vesicatrix: MAYR 1ST I, Neuroterus vesicatrix: MAYR 1882. - Alternate uni- and bisexual generations are known (ADLER 1881). The bisexual generation induces spangle leaf galls (Figs 84d-f), the unisexual generation produces circular parenchymatous leaf galls, in vein axils or at the leaf margin on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. robur, and Q. farnetto (Figs 84a-c).