Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 92. (Budapest 2000)

Ronkay, L.: Revision of the genus Lophoterges Hampson, 1906 (s. l.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Cuculliinae). Part I

Description - wingspan 33-39 mm, length of forewing 15-18 mm. Male. Head, thorax and forewing dark brownish grey, lateral sides of palpi, collar at base and thorax marked with dark grey and/or whitish streaks of groups of scales. Abdomen paler, more brownish, dorsal crest short, consisting of large brown tufts. Forewing elongate, rather narrow, with apex pointed, outer margin finely crenulate. Wing pattern rather indistinct, basal dash long, very fine, ante- and postmedial lines dark grey, simple, strongly sinuous, defined by narrow, whitish grey zone. Median area narrow, more or less oblique, median fascia obsolescent. Orbicular stigma strongly flattened, narrow, whitish with fine, blackish outline. Reniform stigma large, narrow, strongly lunulatc, outer part of lower third with double-peaked, short extension, inner part with huge extension forming long, wedge-shaped subcellular patch. Outline of reniform fine, blackish, often incomplete, filling whitish or whitish grey. Marginal area more or less striolate with blackish grey and white(ish), subterminal line interrupted, sinuous, whitish, defined with blackish arrowhead-spots producing characteristically variegated pattern. Terminal line fine, blackish, cilia as ground colour, variegated with white spots and medial line. Hindwing slightly transparent whitish, veins covered with brown, marginal suffusion diffuse, rather weak. Discal spot clearly visible, narrow, arcuate, transverse line represented mostly by dark spots on veins. Terminal line dark brown, cilia whitish with brown medial line. Underside of forewing whitish, costal and apical areas covered with brown and greyish scales; discal spot present, diffuse, trace of transverse line hardly visible. Hindwing paler, slightly transparent whitish, costal and marginal areas with a few brownish irroration, discal spot sharply defined, transverse line rather strong, upper part continuous, lower half interrupted; cilia as on upper side. Female. Slightly larger in size with somewhat broader forewings, usually darker in colouration, brownish suffusion stronger on both wings, hindwing almost entirely covered by brown scales. Male genitalia (Fig. 15): uncus medium-long, strong, rather slender, with apex hooked. Tegumen narrow, relatively high, penicular lobes narrow; fultura inferior relatively large, shield-like, with deep apical incision; vinculum long, strong, V-shaped. Valva elongate, distally tapering, slightly constricted below cucullus. Cucullus short, trapezoidal, with pointed apex and with additional small, spine-like process at middle of outer margin. Corona very weak, dorsal surface of cucullus finely setose. Sacculus medium-long, narrow, with sclerotized patches; clavus reduced. Basal bar of harpe strong, erected part sclerotized, flattened, more or less digitiform, distally slightly curved, tapering into fine apical tip. Pollex-like costal extension long, strong, broadly triangular, with apex acute. Aedeagus medium-long, cylindrical, slightly arcuate, carina with strong, heavily sclerotized, serrate dorso-lateral plate, continuing in long, narrow, serrate bar extending into basal third of vesica. Vesica long, tubular, fully recurved, basal part membranous, medial and distal parts slightly broadened, covered with variably long, fine, pin-like cornuti, their size increasing towards distal end; terminal cornutus wide-based, with short, acute process. Female genitalia (Fig. 16): ovipositor relatively short, weakly, papillae anales conical, setose, gonapophyses long, slender. Ostium bursae sclerotized, large, dorsal and ventral plates similarly ellipsoidal-discoidal, ventral plate with conical medial prominence projecting ventrally. Ductus bursae long, tubular, Battened, proximal part tapering towards cervix bursae. Bursa bilobate, more or less horseshoe-shaped; cervix bursae considerably shorter than corpus bursae, its walls membranous, distal part with sclerotized patches. Corpus bursae large, elliplical-sacculiform, weakly membranous, without signum. Bionomics and distribution - The nominotypical subspecies of S. taiwana appears as endemic to Taiwan, occurring in the mountainous regions, between 1400-3000 m altitudes, inhabiting different types of mixed deciduous and coniferous forests. The adults may appear above the timber line in the highest ranges of the eastern mountain systems. The moths are on wing mostly in the early spring (March-April), a few observations are also from the late autumn (mid-October). It is not impossible