Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 91. (Budapest 1999)

Skuhravá, M. ; Skuhravý, V.: Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) of Hungary

ANNALES HISTORICO-NATLTRALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Volume 9E Budapest, 1999 pp. 105-139. Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Hungary M.SKUHRAVA

1 & V.SKUHRAVY

2 1 Czech Zoological Society, Viniënâ7, CZ-140 00 Praha, Czech Republic ^Institute of Entomology, Branisovská 31, CZ-370 05 Ceské Budëjovice, Czech Republic e-mail: vaneckova @ tsoft.cz SKUHRAVA, M. & SKUHRAVA, V. (1999): Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Hungary. Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 91: 105-139. Abstract - The present gall midge fauna of Hungary comprises 332 species. Lasioptera rubi causing galls on stems of Rubus idaeus and other Rubus-species is the most common species. During investigation in 1988 and 1997 150 species were found from which 22 are new to the fauna of Hungary. The average number of 29 species per one locatity was relatively high. About 50% belongs to European, 30% to Euro-Siberian, 16% to Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean, and 4% to Holarctic species. Kochiomyia kochiae (KIEFFER, 1909) is the only representative of Pontic-Pannonian elements and Oligotrophus szepligetii KIEFFER, 1909 is a typical Pannonian species. Five Mediterranean species, viz. Orseolia cynodontis KIEFFER et MASSALONGO, 1902, Aplonyx chenopodii STEFANI PEREZ, 1908, Asphondylia dorycnii (MÜLLER, 1870), Asphondylia massalongoi RÜBSAAMEN, 1893 and Asphondylia scrophulariae SCHINER, 1856 reach in Hungary the most northern limits of their distribution areas. Long-term changes in population dynamics were analyzed. Janetiella oenophila (HAIMHOFFEN, 1875) and Dasineura violae (F. Low, 1880) belong to disappeared species. 18 species are pests of agricultural plants. Economic importance of gall midges is discussed. With 5 figures. INTRODUCTION Hungary is the last country in Central Europe where the summarization of data about the gall midge fauna has not been done until now, although Hungary is noted for such processes on higher level of performance for the whole order of Diptera occurring in the Palaearctic Region (Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Manual of Palaearctic Diptera). Such summarization of data reflects the present stage of knowledge and, therefore, it is necessary to do it after a certain period of time lasting perhaps several decades. In the past, data about gall midge species occurring in the territory of Hungary were included usually in reviews of gall-inducing insects and mites (MOESZ 1938, BALÁS 1941). AMBRUS was the first to give a review of gall midge species independently on the level of family Cecidomyiidae (AMBRUS 1963A, b). Since that time many years elapsed in which plenty of new data were gathered, mainly by AMBRUS. Now it is inevitable to make a summarization of the present stage of knowledge on the gall midge fauna and to evaluate