Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)

Szedlay, Gy., Jakucs, E. , Bóka, K. ; Boldizsár, I.: Macro- and micromorphological characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum Karsten strains isolated in Hungary

More differences have been found in microscopical features as compared to other authors. According to ADASKAVEG & GiLBERTSON (1986) chlamydospore formation is regular and characterize G. lucidum in two-week-old cultures on MEA. In contrary, the results of WANG & HUA (1991) show that only the half of the strains form chlamydospores within two weeks, some of them only within six weeks and others not at all. Our isolates did not form any even within six weeks. According to ADASKAVEG & GILBERTSON (1986) this absence of chlamydospores is characteristic of the G. tsugae group. In one isolate we could observe a great amount of arthrospores. This had been also mentioned by WANG & HUA (1991) in the case of other species. The macroscopical and also the microscopical investigations proved that differentiation of the cultures is faster on PDA than on MEA. That may be because of the lower concentration of some substances in PDA. STEYAERT (1972) suggested the influence of temperature on spore size. Spore size is increasing with geographical latitude or elevation. The spore size measured by us was smaller than determined by ADASKAVEG & GiLBERTSON (1986) and PEGLER & YOUNG (1973). ADASKAVEG & GILBERTSON (1988) claimed that the surface tissue of basidiocarps in G. lucidum is composed of a dense palisade of clavate pilocystidia intermixed with branching non-swollen hyphae. The apical projections on pilocistidia are common. Tapering shafts of pilocystidia are occasionally branched. We observed slightly different pilocystidia. Hypha-like cells are not intermixed with pilocystidia. The pilocystidial cells are smooth, knob-like projections are not seen. These properties are characteristic to the G. tsugae complex but the shape of these cells is similar to G. lucidum complex according to ADASKAVEG & GILBERTSON (1988). Based on the characteristics investigated also by us the G. lucidum species complex is divided into two groups in literature nowadays: to the group G. tsugae and to G. lucidum. Our results call the attention to the fact that these characteristics can appear in intermediate forms also within one strain, so they cannot be regarded as features characterizing the species complex. The investigation of our strains will be continued with the analysis of their biologically active substances. An answer to the question if morphologically homogeneous strains show differences in producing active substances or not is looked for. REFERENCES ADASKAVEG, J. E. & GILBERTSON, R. L. (1986): Cultural studies and genetics of sexuality of Ganoderma lucidum and G. tsugae in relation to taxonomy of the G. lucidum complex. - Mycologia 78 (5): 694-705. ADASKAVEG, J. E. & GILBERTSON, R. L. (1988): Basidiospores, pilocystidia, and other basidiocarp characters in several species of the Ganoderma lucidum complex. - Mycologia 80 (4): 493-507. BAZZALO, M. E. & WRIGHT, J. E. (1982): Survey of the Argentine species of Ganoderma lucidum. - Mycotaxon 16: 293-325. CORNER, E. J. H. (1983): Ad Polyporaceas I. Amaurodermaand Ganoderma. -Nova Hedwigia 75: I-1 82. FURTADO, J. S. (1965): Relation of microstructures to the taxonomy of the Ganodermoideae (Polyporaceae) with special reference to the structure of the cover of the pilear surface. - Mycologia 57: 558-611. HADDOW, W. R. ( 1931 ): Studies in Ganoderma. - J. Arnold Arbor. 12: 25-46.