Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)
Szedlay, Gy., Jakucs, E. , Bóka, K. ; Boldizsár, I.: Macro- and micromorphological characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum Karsten strains isolated in Hungary
tion markers appear. One third of the six-week-old MEA cultures did not show any differentiation, except for hyphae of different thickness form the structure. Among the other strains investigated differentiation markers appear only in the central region. Within the six-week-old PDA cultures, except for two, cuticular cells, staghorn hyphae and the presence of yellow pigment can be detected regularly. It has been noticed that the yellow colouration appears only in the thick-walled forms of the cuticular cells, so it can be concluded that the pigment is incorporated into the cell wall. Chlamydospores were not detected, arthrospores (Fig. 4) in one case only. The morphology of basidiospores Basidiospores (Fig. 5) are brown, ovate with truncated apex. The surface of the spores is slightly dimpled, uneven. They have a double wall with inter-wall pillars. The size of the basidiospores is 7.7—(9.5)—10.8 x 5.5-(6.2)-6.7 (im which is significantly smaller, than 1 1.5 x 7 urn measured by ADASKAVEG & GiLBERTSON (1986) and PEGLER & YOUNG (1973) but corresponds with the values ot the lower range measured by IGMÁNDY (1991) on strains isolated from Hungary. ADASKAVEG & GiLBERTSON ( 1 986) did not determine exact values for the density of interwall pillars but comparing their photos with ours it can be concluded that according to the pillar density our strains have intermediate values between the species groups of Ganoderma lucidum and G. tsugae. The morphology of pilocystidia Pilocystidia (Fig. 7) are clavate and unbranched. The apical part is spherical with smooth surface. The stalk part is narrow, rarely branched. No other cells take part in forming the structure of the surface layer. DISCUSSION Macroscopically basidiocarps show a high degree of consistency but microscopical and cultural characters are different within the species Ganoderma lucidum depending on geographical distribution as CORNER (1983) established. The present investigations seem to verify this statement. The temperature requirements of strains isolated from distinct regions are different. There are differences in the temperature optimum, in the speed of growth and also in the temperature range suitable for growth. The isolates investigated here have a lower optimal growth temperature than others known from literature (ADASKAVEG & GiLBERTSON 1986, WANG & HUA 1991) and on the other hand they grow faster. We also observed that optimal temperature of growth is different in almost every strain on the two media investigated. This is evidently caused by the varying effect of limitating factors influencing growth differently on different media. This calls attention to the fact that the optimal growth temperature determined in laboratory do not correspond with that of the mycelium growing in natural conditions. Our isolates turned out to be quite homogeneous in the macroscopical morphology of the mycelium culture. The strains could be described well using the set of characteristics established by us.
