Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)

Ubelaker, D. H. ; Pap, I.: Health profiles of a Bronze Age population from northeastern Hungary

Deciduous teeth A total of 516 deciduous teeth were examined, 259 maxillary and 257 mandibular. No examples of carious lesions, hypoplasia, or alveolar abscesses were detected. Cribra orbitale Cribra orbitale represents an alteration of the superior surface of the inner orbit area. Within adults, cribra orbitale occurred in 7 (5.3%) of 132 left orbits and 10 (7.4%) of 135 right orbits. In males, only 3 (4.3%) of 70 right orbits of males had the trait. In females, it occurred in 4 (7.1%) of 56 left orbits and five (8.6%) of 58 right orbits. All but three of the adult expressions of cribra orbitale involved fine porosity. The remaining three examples (one male two female) were of extensive porosity. Cribra orbitale was much more common in subadults (Figs 6 and 7) than in adults. The trait was present in 17 (25%) left orbits and 20 (31%) right orbits. Of 68 observations of left orbits, 14 showed fine porosity, 2 extensive porosity, and one included new deposits of bone. Of 64 observations of right orbits, 17 were of fine porosity, one extensive porosity, and two of bone deposits. Porotic hyperostosis Evidence of porotic hyperostosis usually consists of porosity and/or new abnormal bone deposits on the bones of the cranial vault, especially the parietals. Within adults, the expression can take the form of well remodeled thickened bone. Of observations of 220 left parietals, and 218 right parietals, no examples of porotic hyperostosis were noted. However, of 115 observations of left and right subadult parietals, examples of porotic hyperostosis were found in four left (3.5%) and five right (4.3%) bones. Of the left examples, two were of fine porosity and two were of extensive porosity. Of five right examples, two were of fine porosity and three of extensive porosity. Vertebral osteophytosis Data on vertebral osteophytosis are presented in Table 6. Males and females show similar distributions of osteophytosis within the skeleton. In total, of 348 observations on all adult vertebral centra, 191 (54.9%) showed stage 0, 108 (31.0%) stage 1, 38 (10.9%) stage 2 and only 11 (3.2%) stage 3. Trauma Seventeen examples of trauma were found in 12 individuals of both sexes. Only one example was found in a subadult. The remaining 16 bones with trauma were from adults. The following describes individual examples. A well remodeled but grossly distorted fracture of the sternal quarter of two right central ribs was found in an adult male (68.131.9). This individual also displayed well remodeled sharp force trauma on the anterior surface of the right distal humerus, just superior to olecranon. A well remodeled complete fracture of the proximal third of the right femur with slight dislocation is present within the adult male of 68.132.6.