Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)

Argaman, Q.: Generic synopsis of Scoliidae (Hymenoptera, Scolioidea)

there are four leading taxa occurring within Scoliidae. Each of them receive subfamily rank: Campsomerinae, Colpinae, Proscoliinae, Scoliinae. Colpinae is proposed here as new. The fossil Archaeoscoliinae, having the mesoscutum armed with deeply engraved notaulices, evidently belongs into Anthoboscidae and not to Scoliidae; as the notaulices are never developed in the latter family. An analysis of the character states demonstrates that, whereas subfamily Proscoliinae is the sister group of the Colpinae + Scoliinae, the distinct Campsomerinae is the sister group of the entire complex Proscoliinae + (Colpinae + Scoliinae). The submandibular triangle of male is developed in all scoliids, except Campsomerinae. In this subfamily, similarly, the outermost furrow of female mandible is entirely covered dorsally by a lobular projection of the mandible. Not covered so in the remaining subfamilies. Campsomerinae is less closely related to the Scoliinae than the subfamilies Proscoliinae and Colpinae. NOMENCLATURE The nomenclature of Scoliidae is, at the least, disastrous. There are some 1,273 species-group names already described. FABRICIUS (1775) established the genus Scolia. GuÉRIN (1839) proposed the genera Ascoli, Campsomeris, Lacosi and Liacos. SAUSSURE (1863) enlarged the list of the genera with Discolia and Triscolia. SAUSSURE & SICHEL (1864) contributed Diliacos and Triliacos. COSTA (1858, 1887) proposed the genera Lisoca and Heterelis. But in the world catalogue of DALLA TORRE (1897) only Scolia was admitted, generating in this way numberless homonyms. Owing to the efforts of SCHROTTKY (1910) and ILSEMARIE MICHA (1927) Liacos, Diliacos, Discolia and Triscolia survived. For the rest of the genera, intentional actions were taken to reject them. JAMES CHESTER BRADLEY, who contributed so much to the study of the Scoliidae of the World, was also member of the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, his deliberate purpose was to establish the nomina nuda (BRADLEY 1964C: 101). For instance, he proposed a new genus and new species of the Mutillidae, Physetapsus papaga BRADLEY, 1916, but never described it afterward. (It was fully described later by SCHUSTER 1958, as Physetapsis papaga, but this is a different spelling.) Because that new generic-group name, Physetapsus, was based on an undescribed species, it is a true nomen nudum. In contrast, within the Scoliidae BRADLEY has introduced an appreciate number of new generic-group names; combined with valid, already described speciesgroup names. Hence, these names are not true nomina nuda, are available names. Some of these genera were fully described by BETREM in the ensuing period. The Code is considering these as "available generic-group names without Type species designated up to now". In view of the stability and continuity of the Zoological Nomenclature, their corresponding types are designated below. These types are selected in accordance with their original combinations, although sometimes causing undesired changes of the standing nomenclature. All the alterations result from the intentional proposals of the nomina nuda concluded by BRADLEY. Individual generic-group names suffer from the nominalistics mentioned above. Older names are often intentionally dropped, creating empty places for newly proposed