Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)

Bajzáth, J.: Plant macrofossils from Hungarian Pleistocene II. Angiospermatophyta in Győrújfalu, West Hungary

Ranunculus trichophylliis CHAIX, 1786 Description: The achenes are 1.25-1.5 mm in length and 0.75-0.9 mm in width. The shape is obovate and tapering toward the base. Ranunculus lingua LINNAEUS, 1753 (Figs 6-7) Description: The fruits are obovate with tapering summit. The measures are 1.6-1.8 mm x 1-1.1 mm (Figs 6-7). Discussion: This Ranunculus species is very common in the interglacial deposits in Europe, mainly in the Cromerien complex (GODWIN 1956). Ranunculus nemorosus A. P. DE CANDOLLE. 1817 Description: The achene is 2.6 mm x 1.8 mm in size, rounded with tapering base. Discussion: This species is not known in modern Hungarian flora. It was found in the Cromer interglacial in the British Isles. Thalictrum flavum LINNAEUS. 1753 (Fig. 12) Description: The fruits arc 1.5-1.75 mm in length and 0.75-1.1 mm in width. The shape is oval. There are 9-10 characteristic, deep ribs on the fruits (Fig. 12). Discussion: This well preserved species indicates the wet, swamp habitat which is very favourable for the fossilisation. Bctulaceae Alnus sp. Description: The naked axis of the fruit is 5.75 mm in length and 3.5 mm in width. Around the axis there are the cyclic remains of the seed-scales. Discussion: It could not be identified on a lower taxonomic level, because there were no nutlets among the fossils. Carpinus betulus LINNAEUS, 1753 Description: The nut is rounded triangulate in shape. There are three ribs on one side. Discussion: It is known from the Upper Pliocene in Europe. This species indicates the climatic characteristics during the Pleistocene. It occurred in the interglacial deposits. Polygonaceae Polygonum lapalhiidlium LINNAEUS, 1753 Description: The rounded achene is relatively large. Discussion: In the history of the vegetation this species has been connected mainly with human activity in Europe. The appearance in the Pleistocene deposits shows its natural habitat. Haloragaceae Myriophyllum verticillatum LINNAEUS, 1753 Description: The seeds arc 2.1-2.3 mm x 0.8-1 mm. The shape is obovate but the diameter is rounded triangulate. The ventral side is slightly warty. Discussion: It occurred mainly during the Late-Glacial period but it was found in the interglacial deposits too, in Europe.