Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 88. (Budapest 1996)

Bajzáth, J.: Plant macrofossils from Hungarian Pleistocene II. Angiospermatophyta in Győrújfalu, West Hungary

Lemnaceae Lemna trisulca LINNAEUS, 1753 Description:A very small species is 0.75-0.9 mm long and 0.5-0.75 mm wide. The shape is angulate-rounded. The wall of the seed is deeply ribbed. Discussion: This species was found only in the Pliocene and Pleistocene interglacial deposits in Europe. Sparganiaceae Sparganium emersum REHMANN, 1872 Description: They are relatively large 2.5-3.5 mm long and 1.25-1.35 mm wide. The shape is elliptical, tapering toward the base without stalk. There are very fine stripes on the seeds. Discussion: It has been recorded from the Miocene. It was also found in the Pleistocene, mainly in the interglacial deposits. Typhaceae Typha cf. latifolia LINNAEUS. 1753 Description: The small and fragile seed is 1.6 mm x 0.4 mm in size. The wall is transparent and slightly reticulate. Discussion: This species ranges from the Pliocene till the Present. It is very common in all stages of the Pleistocene in Europe. Butomaceae Butomus umbellatus LINNAEUS, 1753 (Figs 1-2) Description: The seeds are 1.5-1.75 mm in length and 0.5 mm in width. 6-7 sharp, pearl-like ribs run from the top to the base of the seed (Figs 1-2). D i s c u s s i o n : It is known from the Pliocene but mainly its pollen grains were found in Europe. Ranunculaceae Ranunculus aquatilis LINNAEUS, 1753 (Fig. 13) Description: The fruits are 1.5-1.75 mm x 1.1-1.25 mm in size. The shape is ovalrounded. Several cross-lines run around the wall of the nut (Fig. 13). Discussion: It is a very common, pioneer species. Its fossils were found from the Late Pliocene. In the Pleistocene the European aquatic Ranunculus species (see below) occurred mainly in the interglacials and the Late-Glacial. Ranunculus fluitans LAMARCK, 1778 Description: The measures of the fruits are between 1-1.7 mm and 0.75-1.5 mm. The shape is broad-rounded. Several cross-lines run around the wall of the nut. Discussion: It seems to be very similar to R. aquatilis but the run of the wall is different. This species is known in Pleistocene deposits. Nowadays in Hungary there is only one locality where it occurs (Szigetköz, NW Hungary).