Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 85. (Budapest 1993)
Nesemann, H.: Identification key to the Hungarian leeches of the subfamily Trochetinae Pawlowski, 1954, with notes on systematics of the subfamily Erpobdellinae Blanchard, 1894 (Hirudinea)
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Annulation The erpobdellid body consists of 34 segments. They are divided up into primary (a), secondary (b), tertiary (c) and quartary (d) rings (annuli), starting from a complete five-annulated segment, e.g. Erpobdella (Fig. 2). All of the midbody segments with complete annulation are called somites. The genera and species of Erpobdellidae easily can be distinguished by the annulation of somites (Figs 2-4). In general, all species of the subfamily Trochetinae have a widened annulus b6 of each somite, but this is not a taxonomic feature for all erpobdellids. The widening of b6 originated independently in the Nearctis (Moorebdellinae) and Palaearctis (Trochetinae). In the Palaearctic group, which is regarded most probably as monophyletic origin, we can distinguish two lines. The genus Trocheta has a heteronomous subdividing of b6 (Fig. 4), the two genera Dina and Archaeobdella have a homonomous subdividing of this annulus (Fig. 3). The groups of the arhynchobdellid leeches differ in the structure and annulation of the head. It includes the first four segments of Erpobdelliformes (Figs 5-6) and five segments of Hirudiniformes. The annulation of the head region is quite different and helps to distinguish the two genera of Trochetinae, occurring in the Danube river basin. Reproductive system and genital openings Both the Erpobdellinae and Trochetinae subfamilies contain erpobdellid leeches with preatrial loop of male paired ducts. The ejaculatory ducts are extended anteriorly to the ganglion of somite XI. In contrast, the two genera Fadejewobdeila LUKIN, 1962 and Mooreobdella PAWLOWSKI, 1955 have no pre-atrial loopes. They belong to a third related subfamliy of the Erpobdellidae. For the discussed Danubian leeches, the position of the genital openings is of taxonomic importance in distinguishing the major groups of genera and subgenera, as well as the annulation. The majority of species of the genus Dina have the male and female gonopore on somite XII, they are separated mostly by two annuli (Fig. 17). The male gonopore is nearly constant in the furrow of XII b2/a2. The female gonopore is in XII b5jb6 or can be shifted posteriorly on annulus b6 or furthermore on somite XIII (endemic species of the Lake Ochrid). The two species of the subgenus Dina (Relictodina) have complete anteriorly shifted genital opening. The male gonopore is placed in the furrow of XII bl/b2 > the female in XII b5/b6, the distance amounts to three annuli. The atrium is restricted to somite XII. The atrial cornua of all sectioned species are simply curved or spirally coiled. Form and size is remarkable for the species. The biggest atrium was found in Dina apathyi (Figs 25-26), whereas D. lineata has a short erpobdellid-like atrium (Figs 12-13). The species of the genus Trocheta are heterogeneous, comparing their gonopores and male genital system. With the exception of T subviridis, the position of the gonopores is not varied. The male genital opening is in the furrow of XII b2/a2, the female
