Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 83. (Budapest 1991)

Szendrei, G.: Contribution to the micromorphology of the brown forest soils in Hungary

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The micromorphological descriptions are given in Table 1. The micromorphological data of each soil were evaluated according to the following aspects: - interpretation of micromorphological features from the aspects of forming processes (special attention was paid to the phenomena reflecting the mobilization of clay, iron, manganese and calcareous compounds), - comparison of the obtained data with the results of the former Hungarian micromorphological investigations on the soil type under question, - a comparison with the micromorphological characteristics of the adequate or similar soils compiled from the micromorphological investigations carried out abroad. Chernozem-brown forest soil (Pécel, Central Hungary) - The b-fabric indicated some preferred orientation in the fine material in the BC- and C-horizon. Clay coatings, infillings and fragments were observed in the B-, BC-, C- and D-horizon. So, micromorphological features of a limited clay mobilization could be found in the B- and deeper horizons. Manganiferous nodules were described from the whole profile. They were more frequent in the C- and D-horizon. From a deeper horizon (BC-, C-horizon) grain and void coatings were also reported. These features indicated a weak, short-term hydromorphic influence. Calcitic coatings and crystallic b-fabric were found only in the D-horizon. The pedological features were more common in the B- and deeper horizons. The features indicating clay mobilization in the B-, BC- and C-horizon, can probably be attributed to a former stage of soil formation, to a lessivated brown forest soil, which proceeded to chernozem soil. Brown forest soil with residual carbonate (Csopak, Central Hungary) - Micromorphological features of clay mobilization (special types of b-fabric, clay coatings, infillings ) were not observed in the profile. On the contrary, a few micromorphological signs of the mobilization of calcareous compounds (disseminated calcite in the groundmass, calcitic coatings and nodules) were found. Fragments of dolomite occured in the whole profile. Ferruginous and manganiferous nodules were very rare, which indicates a limited mobilization. AUROUSSEAU, CURMI & BRESSON (1985) discussed the micromorphology of calcareous cambic horizons. The features of calcareous compounds were: calcitic skeletons, crystic plasmic fabric, crystallaria, carbonated glaebules and lithorelicts of hard calcareous rocks. The sesquioxidic nodules were generally relict features. Argillans were absent in general. These features were in accordance with the micromorphological characteristics of the soil profile under study. Rusty brown forest soil (Mogyoród, Central Hungary) - Micromorphological features of preferred orientation could not be found in the fine material, and clay coatings and infillings were not observed. Thus the clay was immobile in this soil. Ferruginous grain coatings were common, the manganiferous ones were fewer. This indicates iron and manganese mobilization and segregation.