Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 83. (Budapest 1991)

Tóth, T.: Morphological modification, its causality: the case of Carpathian Basin from Neolithic to modern times

the manifestation of the balancing effect of the natural selection relaxed to subspecific level. As it is known the natural selection has its effect on the genotype; in other words, on the phenotype predisponated for reproduction. So the phenotypic plasticity, the genetic and taxonomic continuum has been modificated also in the Carpathian-Danube Basin through outbreeding (intertribal and/or intergroup infiltration) caused by the higher population-density on the subspecific, subtribal-subethnic levels, not only in the Neolithic but in the millennia lasting till modern times. Having considered the time- and environment-dependence of the outlined microevolutionary processes it can be supposed for the Carpathian area, or cannot be denied that a mutual effect of relaxed directional and balancing selection were in force in the causative rearrangement of the subcontinental morphological complexes. Note- For the analysis of the epochal changes of characteristics, in addition to his own results, the author also resorted to the numerical data of ALLODIATORISZ, BARTUCZ, DEÁK, DEZSÓ, ÉRY, FARKAS, LIPTÁK, LOTTERHOF, MARCSIK, NEMESKÉRI, STEIN, WENGER (Hungary) and VLCEK (Czechoslovakia). Literature references not figured in the list are given by TÓTH (1965-1974). This paper was presented at the 50th Anniversary Conference of the Anthropological Department of József Attila University, held in Szeged, 2nd October 1990. References FARKAS, GY. (1975): A Dél-Alföld őskorának paleoanthropológiája (Paleoanthropology of the prehistoric southern Hungarian Plain). - Kandidátusi disszertáció (Cand. dissert.) Szeged: 478 pp. (manuscript). FARKAS, GY. (1977): Anthropological outlines of the Prehistory of the southern part of the Great Hungarian Plain and of Northern Jugoslavia. - Acta biol. Szeged 23: 139-167). FARKAS, GY. & HUNYA, P. (1984): Comparison of series from the Avar Age by clustering. - Acta biol. Szeged 30: 175-190. FINKEL, J. (1979): Probit analysis of upper pleistocene hominids. - J. Hum. Evol. 8: 235-242. HENNEBERG, M., PlONTEK, J. & STRZALKO, J. (1978): Natural selection and morphological variability: the case of Europe from Neolithic to modern times. - Curt Anthrop. 19: 67-82. LlPTÁK, P. (1983): Avars and ancient Hungarians. - Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest: 208 pp. MENK, R. (1978): Comments to the Henneberg-Piontek-Strzalko's Paper. - Curr. Anthrop. 19: 75-76. MENK, R. (1981): Anthropologie du Néolithique Européen. Analyse multivariée et essai de synthèse. - These, Université de Geneve: 268 pp. SALZANO, F. M. (1975a): Introduction. - In: The role of natural selection in human evolution: p. 1-16. SALZANO, F. M. (1975b): Some key problems in the study of natural selection in man. - In: The role of natural selection in human evolution: p. 407-424. SALZANO, F. M. (1978): Comments to the Henneberg-Piontek-Strzalko's Paper. - Curr. Anthrop. 19: 76-77. TÓTH, T (1970): On the morphological modification of anthropological series in the Lithic and Paleometallic Ages I. - Annls. hisL-nat. Mus. nam. hung. 62: 381-392. TÓTH, T (1971): On the morphological modification of anthropological series in the Lithic and Paleometallic Ages II. - Annls. hist.-nat Mus. natn. hung. 63: 401-408. TÓTH, T. (1973): On the morphological modification of anthropological series in the Central Danubian Basin. -Annls. hist.-naL Mus. nam hung. 65: 323-350. TÓTH, T (1974): Somatology and paleoanthropology of the Hungarians. Doct. dissert., MI. Budapest: 649 pp. (in Russian). TÓTH, T. (1977a): Neolithic and paleometallic populations in the Central Danubian Basin. - Annls. hist.-nat. Mus. nam hung. 69: 347-356. TÓTH, T (1977b): On the morphogenetic trends in the Central Danube Basin during the Prehistoric Age. Anthrop. közi. 21: 31-42. (in Hungarian) TÓTH, T. (1979a): Some factors in the morphological modification of human groups. - Annls hist.-nat. Mus. nam hung. 71: 321-328. TÓTH, T. (1979b): Some problems in the somatology of Hungarian people. - Annls hisi-nat Mus. nam. hung. 71: 315-319.