Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 83. (Budapest 1991)
Szendrei, G.: Contribution to the micromorphology of the brown forest soils in Hungary
The micromorphological features indicating clay migration (clay coatings, infillings) were absent in this soil. The weathering of rock fragments and the accumulation of quartz fields considerably contributed to the development of A2-horizon. Ferruginous and manganiferous nodules were rare. The presence and micromorphological characteristics of manganiferous nodules indicated a weak, short-term hydromorphic influence (VENEMAN, VEPRASKAS & BouMA 1976, VEPRASKAS & BOUMA 1976). RÓZSAVÖLGYI & STEFANOVITS (1960) carried out micromorphological investigations on a weakly podzolised brown forest soil formed on piroxenandesite (Mátra Mts, NE Hungary). They reported ferruginous clay coatings from the B-horizon. However, other micromorphological features (like ferruginous nodules, weathering phenomena, and quartz in the A-horizon) were in accordance with the findings of the present investigation. For many spodosols the eluvial horizons are typical. Their micromorphological characteristics were given by DE CONINCK & MCKEAGUE (1985) and they were recognized in some parts of the A2-horizon of the soil studied. The micromorphology of the diagnostic horizon of spodosoil, the spodic one was discussed by DE CONINCK (1980), however such could not be seen in the B-horizon of the soil under question. Pseudogley brown forest soil (Lenti, SW Hungary) - The preferred orientation of the fine material and the clay infillings indicated a considerable clay mobilization in the profile. However, their fragments were frequent in the groundmass reflecting their degradation as well, which was probably due to shrinking and swelling. The c/f related distribution was porphyric, and partly monic. The occurrence of the later could be interpreted by the impoverishment of the fine material under the strongly reducing and acidic environment. Ferruginous nodules (Fig. 3) could be found in the whole profile, but they were more frequent in the Ag-horizon. Their occurrence and properties and the zones with lighter colour and less fine material indicated a long-term waterlogging (VENEMAN, VEPRASKAS & BOUMA 1976, VEPRASKAS & BOUMA 1976). Summarizing the micromorphology of ALFISOLS, BULLOCK & THOMPSON (1985) separately discussed the micromorphology of this soil with aquic moisture regime. They stated that the sesquioxidic nodules and coatings were commom and the clay coatings had a special appearance under hydromorphic influence. VASKOVSKA & BEDRNA (1987) investigating Eutric Planosols in the East Slovakian Lowland, pointed out the micromorphological characteristics of pseudogleying, as iron oxide depleted zones of plasma and segregation of Fe and Mn irregular forms. The Fe-segregations were located above the clay accumulation. The occurrence of ferruginous nodules and the active clay were characteristic of pseudogley brown forest soil in the Mogulyev region, Soviet Union as well (REUTER & TRIFONENKOWA 1979). It can be clearly seen from the former discussion that ferruginous nodules and the mobilization of clay are characteristic of pseudogley brown forest soils. The micromorphological description of the soil type presented in this paper was in accordance with the generalized micromorphological characterization compiled from literature. Kovárvány brown forest soil (Szabolcsbaka, NE Hungary) - The term "kovárvány", which is characteristic of this soil type was explained by STEFANOVITS (1970) as folAnnlshist-nat Mus. nam, hung., 83,1991
