Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 81. (Budapest 1989)

Pap, I. ; Józsa, L.: A rare hair developmental abnormality (pili multigemini) and lousiness on hair remains from Medieval grave

follicle. These have their proximal sections in the same capsule. In their run they can part at several places and they can join again but they usually part in a brush-like pattern at their distal end. Juveniles and young adults have this pattern mostly in their hair. Older people usually have it in their beard. Pili multigemini can be combined with pili bifurcad or pili torti. Each of gemini hairs has its separate cuticle and medullary substance. Pili multigemini is rare on human beings but Chinchillae have pili multigemini for each of their 2nd-15th single of hair (LYNE 1965). PINKUS (1951) considered this alteration unimportant. No data could be found for the frequency of pili multigemini in the literature. The very fact that individual cases were published indicates a relatively rare hair anomaly. * * * Acknowledgement -We would like to thank GÁBOR ILON archeologist for providing us this material and the excavation reports. References DEÁK, M. (1954): Az ivádi hajminták anthropológiai vizsgálata (A preliminary paper on the results of anthropological examinations of hair samples from the population of Ivád, Hungary). - Annls hist-nat Mus. natn. hung, 5: 527-536. D

ISSELHOFF, H.D. (1972): Varázskövek az inkák földjén (Magic stones of Inca peoples). - Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest, p. 81. FLEMMING, W. (1883): Ein Drillingshaar mit gemeinsamer innerer Wurzescheide. - Monatshefte prakt Dermatol 2:163-167. GÁBOR, I., JÓZSA, L. & HúsvÉTH, Cs. (1978): Az emberi haj ultrasturktúrája (The ultrasctructure of human hair).-Bőrgyógyászati és Venerológiai Szle 54: 207-211. GiovANNINI, S. (1893): Über ein Zwillingshaar mit einer einfachen Wurzelscheide.-Arch Dermatol Syph 25:187-194. KLEVAY, L.M. (1978): Hair as a biopsy material. Progress and prospects. - Arch. Internat Med. 138: 1127-1128. KULCSÁR, ZS. (1967): így éltek a lovagkorban (Life at the age of chivalry). - Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest, p. 22-113. LÁSZLÓ, GY. (1970): A népvándorláskor művészete Magyarországon (The art of the Migration period of Hungary). - Corvina Kiadó, Budapest, p. 107-118. LYNE, AG. (1965): The hair cycle in the Chinchilla. - In: LYNE, AG. & SHORT, B.F. (eds): Biology of the skin and hair growth. Angus and Robertson, Sydney, p. 467-489. MAGYARY-KOSSA, GY. (1931): Magyar Orvosi Emlékek III. Adattár 1000-től 1700-ig (Collection of Hungarian Medical relics, 1000-1700). - Budapest, p. 6. MÜLLER, CHR. (1960): Die Frauenfrisur im alten Egypten. - Leipzig., p. 64. PINKUS, H. (1951): Multiple hairs (Flemraing-Giovannini): Reports of two cases of pili multigemini and discussion of some other anomalies of the pilary complex. - Joum. Invest Dermatol 17: 291-301. PONGRÁCZ, A (1962): A szőrzet rendellenességei (Abnormalities of hair). - In: Modern kozmetika (Modern cosmetics). - Medicina Kiadó, Budapest, p. 272-273. RAJKA, Ö. & SZODORAY, L. (1960): Bőr és nemibetegségek (Skin and venereal diseases). - Medicina Kiadó, Budapest, p. 34-38,375-378. REGÖLY-MÉREI, GY. (1962): Palaeopathologia II. Az ősemberi és későbbi emberi maradványok rendszeres kórbonctana (Palaeopathology II.). - Medicina Kiadó, Budapest, 228. pp.