Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 81. (Budapest 1989)

Szendrei, G.: Microscopic study of thin sections from lithogenic soils

Summing up the discussion of the micromorphology for each soil type the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) Concerning the generalized micromorphological characteristics of lithogenic soils not all of them could be found in the soils studied. 2) The micromorphological investigations of these lithogenic soils revealed some processes which deserve special interest such as the limited mobilization of iron compounds in humus-carbonate and rendzina soils, moderate, local mobilization of calcium carbonate in black rendzina, clay mobilization in erubase soil and an intensive migration of ferruginous clay in red clayey rendzina. 3) Some processes (or their absence) characteristic to the various types of lithogenic soils were also proved by soil micromorphology (such as the intensive calcium carbonate migration and the absence of clay migration in humus-carbonate soil, the lack of clay mobilization in black rendzina, the accumulation of ferruginous clay in unmobile forms in red clayey rendzina, the intensive mobilization of iron and manganese in erubase soil. 4) Soil micromorphology is also a good means for the detailed study of processes occurring in soils. With the help of it the formation of calcitic acicular crystals and nodules in humus-carbonate soil could be separated, different stages of rock fragment alteration could be recognized in black rendzina, the ferruginous clay movement and the degradation of the coatings and infillings could be distinguished in red clayey rendzina, hydromorphic influences with varying degrees were recognized by interpreting the micromorphological characteristics of ferruginous and manganiferous nodules in erubase soil. From the above studies the considerable contribution of micromorphological investigation to a better understanding of soil forming processes occurring in lithogenic soils can be clearly seen. * * * Acknowledgements - The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to the Authority for Land Evaluation (Pest County) and personally to DR. LAJOS KIRÁLY for supporting this investigation. References AGUILAR, J., DORRONSORO, C, ANTOLIN, C. & GARCIA, A (1978): The influence of soil forming factors on the morphology, micro-morphology and mineralogy of soils formed from limestones. - In: DELGADO, M. (ed.): Soil Micromorphology. Proceedings of the Fifth International Working Meeting on Soil Micromorphology. Moreno, Granada: 257-286. BELLINFANTE, N., PANEQUE, G., OLMEDO, J. & BANOS, C. (1974): Micromorphological study of Vertisoils in Southern Spain. - In: RUTHERFORD, G.K. (ed.): Soil Microscopy. Proceedings of the Fourth International Working Meeting on Soil Micromorphology. The Limestone Press, Kingston: 296-305. BREWER, R. (1964): Fabric and Mineral Analysis of Soils. — John Wiley & Sons, New-York: 470 pp. BREWER, R., SLEEMAN, LR. & FOSTER, R.C. (1983): The fabric of Australian soils. - In: Soils: an Australian viewpoint. CSIRO/Academic Press, Melbourne-London: 439-476. BULLOCK, P., FEDOROFF, N., JONGERIUS, A, STOOPS, G. & TURSINA, T., with a contribution from BABEL, U. (1985): Handbook for Soil Thin Section Description. - Waine Research Publication, Wolverhampton: 152 pp. DOBROVOLSKII, G.V., BALABKO, P.N., & KUZMENKO, I.T.(1981): Mikromorfologicheskaya diagnostika pochvoobrazovaternykh protsessov v pochvakh poim ravninykh rek lesznoi zony. - Byulleten' Pochvennogo Instituta imeni V. V. Dokuchaeva. Vyp. 28. Moskva: 38-39. FOLK, R.L. (1974): The natural history of crystalline calcium carbonate: effect of magnesium content and salinity. — J. sedim. Petrol. 27: 3-26. KASHANSKII, A D., TURSINA, T. V. & SUKHANOV, P. A(1987): Mikromorfologicheskie osobennosti rendziny i malomoshchnykh krasnykh fersialitnnykh pochv Livii. - Pochvovedenie 2: 85-95. KOWALINSKI, S. (1974): Micromorphology of rendzinas in South West Poland. - In: RUTHERFORD, G.K. (ed.): Soil Microscopy. Proceedings of the Fourth International Working-Meeting on Soil Micromorphology. The Limestone Press, Kingston: 428-440.33