Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 76. (Budapest 1984)

Pap, I.: Data to the problem of artificial cranial deformation, Part 2.

ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Tomus 76. Budapest, 1984 p. 335-350. Data to the problem of artificial cranial deformation, Part 2. by I. PAP, Budapest Abstract — Investigations on further 11 artifically deformed and 4 undeformed skulls originating from the 5th century Gothic-Alan cemetery part (Keszthely-Fenékpuszta. Hungary) are presented. With 7 tables, 3 photoplates. In the first part of my study I carried out the examination of 14 individuals rescued from 1976 to 1978 (PAP 1983). In the second part I present the results of the anthropological processing of a further 17 graves excavated from 1979 to 1980. Material and method The distribution by sex, age and deformation of the skeletons from 31 graves may be seen in Table 1 of the first part of my study. There are 17 individuals — among them 9 children, 2 juveniles and 6 adults (3 males, 3 females) — treated in this article. The skulls of 2 males and 1 female and those of children are not deformed. The distortion of 2 Infans I. skulls is questionable because of their being incomplete state of preservation. I followed the method applied in my previous study (PAP 1983) for the determination of sex and age, for the morphometric investigations and for the classification of measurements and indices. Brief anatomical description The parameters of the skulls are presented in Tables 1 to 3, the parameters of the long bones may be found in Table 5. Grave 15 — Deformed skull of an 18-24 months old child with incomplete mandible (Plate 1: 1-2). Ridge of nose and basic part of cranium are missing. Well expressed impressio behind tubera frontalia and sutura coronalis, as well as on parietal bone, directly above temporal bone, caused by bandages. Large-sized tubera parietalia. Obelion region fiat, occiput rounded. Os epiptericum dextra, ossa wormiana on both sides of sutura lambdoidea. The skull is post-mortem deformed on the right sutura lambdoidea zone and the basic part. Medium well preserved skeletal bones. Grave 16 •— Grown-up (adultus), badly preserved, destorted female skull with mandible. Incomplete left side and basic part. Weak impressio postbregmaticum, strong tuberculum prebregmaticum caused by deformation. Forehead slantwise running back, tubera frontalia cannot be seen (Plate 1: 3-4). Deep foveola granulosis on squama frontalis of internal surface of frontal bone. Caput mandibulae very small, narrow. Grave 17 — Badly preserved juvenile calotte with mandible and maxilla. Less expressed destortion. Shallow, but wide impressio postbregmaticum. Obelion region flat, occiput vertical. Frontal and parietal bones strongly deformed post mortem. Sutura metopica. Moderately well preserved skeletal bones. Grave 18 — Deformed calotte of a 3-5 years old child with mandible and fragmentary maxilla. Well discernible impressio behind sutura coronalis. Large-sized tubera frontalia and tuberculum prebregmaticum. Well discernible traces of destorting band. Occiput flat, caused by deformation and post mortem deformation as well. Both sides of cribra orbitalia. Moderately well preserved, incomplete skeletal bones. Grave 19 — Occipital and parietal bone fragments of a one-year old child with mandible. It could not been decided whether it was destorted or not because of its fragmentary and incomplete state of preservation. Skeletal fragments. Grave 20 — Grown-up (maturus) moderately well preserved male skull with mandible. It is not deformed. Wormien bones on sutura occipitomastoidea dextra. Both of sides cribra orbitalia.