Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 73. (Budapest 1981)
Gladkova, T. D. ; Tóth, T.: The dermatoglyphics of Hungarians from Szendrő
ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICÏ Tomus73. Budapest, 1981 p. 313-324. The dermatoglyphics of Hungarians from Szendrő by T. D. GLADKOVA, MOSCOW & T. A. TÓTH. Budapest Abstract — Comparative dermatoglyphic analysis of 12 local groups (c. 1500 individuals) of the Hungarian male population is presented. The great majority of the population composition comprises Europoid elements. With 7 tables and 4 figures. Several contributions discussed the dermatoglyphics of Hungarians in connection with the problem of the origin of the Hungarian people (GLADKOVA & TÓTH 1973, 1975. 1977, 1979). In these works literature data and our own materials on an ethnic-territorial groups from different regions of the Hungarian People's Republic are used. In the present study the accessorial dermatoglyphic data of Hungarians from Szendrő are suggested. The palm- and fingerprints of 150 males from Szendrő (in North Hungary, to the north-west from Taktabáj) were collected by TÓTH in 1970. The prints have been analysed using Cummins and Midlo's method of pattern interpretation (1961). As it has been shown in many investigations only some dermatoglyphic trails are connected with each other in their variability. Thus for example, the skin patterns of interdigital palm pads III and IV correlate ncgativelly ; namely if there is the pattern on one of them and an accessory triradius is absent, then the pattern on another pad is not present. From a number of studies we know that the major part of dermatoglyphic traits is changing independently. That is why for more complete dermatoglyphic description of the studied group we give as usual the complex of finger and palm patterns (Tables 1-5). The survey of the tables shows that the dermatoglyphic data of our sample from Szendrő are, with a few exceptions within the variation of southern Caucasoid peoples (CHAMLA 1962, 1963; REMANE et al. 1962; GLADKOVA 1966). Thus, on the fingers L > W, but the pattern intensity (Dl 10 ) is rather high (13.57). On the palms the small frequency of hypothenar pattern is discovered, by comparison with northern Caucasoids there is a considerable difference between the pattern frequency on interdigital pads III and IV and the percentage of carpal axial triradius is rather high (75.66). In our group the proximal type of line C(8+x) is more frequent than the absence (0) of this line and type 11 of line D, is also rather frequent which on the whole is typical for the Caucasoid peoples. According to PLATO'S classification (1970) in Mongoloids the ulnar type of line C (fields 4 + 5' +5" 4 6 +7) is more frequent than the radial type (9 + 10+11 +12 + 13). Judging by this trait, our sample from Szendrő is closer to Mongoloids. For the total description of the investigated Hungarian groups we constructed the polygons by the complex of traits (Table 6, Fig. 1) — loops, whorls, the patterns on hypothenar, interdigital pads III and IV, the frequency of type 11 line D, the type 5 of the line A and the axial carpal triradius (t). In our previous works (GLADKOVA & TÓTH 1975, 1977, 1979) we showed the extensive variability, dispersity and crossing similarity between the different groups of Hungarians, nevertheless as it is seen in Fig. 1, the Hungarian samples are very close to each other and readily distinguishable from the polygons of the Kazakhs and Russians, taken for comparison.
