Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 71. (Budapest 1979)

Hably, L.: Some data to the Oligocene flora of the Kiscellian Tard Clay, Hungary

furcinerve played a role of primary importance in the formation of forests over hilly regions together with Ziziphus ziziphoides, Laurophyllum sp. and Daphnogene bilinica in their shrub-layer. The pines probably covered the northern slopes of the hills. The other significant group of the plants was inhabiting areas hear watercourses. Mainly Taxodium dubium displays palustral characteristics, but Myrica and Complonia acutiloba might have also lived here. The ecological requirements of Libocedrites salicornioides are rather unclarified, not can it be considered identical with recent Libocedrus genus. The climatic conditions of the mainland are indicated primarily by the flora of the areas far away from the shores for the shore-community is extrazonal. In the given Oligocène flora the majority of the species are termophilous, but these do not indicate rainy climate, and in several instances xerophilous characteristics are to be observed. Supposedly the plants had to resist watershortage to which they adapted in different ways (e.g. leathery leaf). The scarcity of rainfall is to be considered in terms of the given temperature conditions. Phytogeographical evaluation The theory concerning the reconstructed contemporary flora and vegetation has already been expounded. Most species of the flora were widespread in the Tertiary of Central Europe. Differences can be seen mainly in the dates of the appearance and expansion of the species. Thus it can be concluded that in the Oligocène paleotropical flora prevailed in Hungary. The number of arctotertiary elements was not significant. In Tard Clay the species were found almost everywhere in Hungary. In the same age Doliostrobus shows Bohemian relation to te north, while Dryophyllum furcinerve shows connections with the south. A flora of similar composition from the Lower Oligocène of Mera was published MÉSZÁROS & PETRESCU (1967) with Zizyphus zizyphoides, Dryophyllum furcinerve and Laurophyllum species. References ANDREÁNSZKY, G. (1949): Néhány páfrány a Kárpátmedence harmadkorából. (Quelques Fougères de l'époque Tertiaire du bassin Carpathique.) — Ind. Horti Bot. Univ. Bud., 7: 1-11. ANDREÁNSZKY, G. (1954): Mangrovepáfrány a hazai oligocénből. — Bot. Közi, 44: 135-139. ANDREÁNSZKY, G. & NÓVÁK, E. (1957): Neue und interessante tertiäre Pflanzenarten aus Ungarn III. — Ann. Hist.-nat. Mus. Nat. Hung., 8: 43-55. ANDREÁNSZKY, G. (1959): Contributions à la connaissance de la Flore de l'oligocène inférieur de la Hongrie et un essai sur la reconstitution de la Flore contemporaine. — Acta Bot. Hung., 5(1-2): 1-37. ANDREÁNSZKY, G. (1965): Középső oíigocén növény maradványok Eger környékéről. — Hev. Megy. Múz. Közi., 3: 7-21. ANDREÁNSZKY, G. (1967): On the Upper Oligocène Flora of Hungary. Analysis of the site at the Wind Brickyard, Eger. — Stud. Biol. Hung., 5: BECKER, H. F. (1961): Oligocène plants from the Upper Ruby River Basin, Southwestern Montana. — Geo!. Soc. Amer. Memoir, 82: 1-127. BÛZEK, C., HOLY, F. & KVACEK, Z. (1967): Eine bemerkenswerte Art der Familie Platanaceae Lindl. (1838) im nordböhmischen Tertiär. — Monatsber. Deutsch. Akad. Wiss. Berlin., 9(3): 203-215. BÛZEK, C., HOLY, F. & KVACEK, Z. (1968): Die Gattung Doliostrobus Marion und ihr vorkommen im Nordböhmischen Tertiär. — Paleontographica, 123 (1-6): 153-172. MÉSZÁROS, N. & PETRESCU, J. (1967): Pflanzenreste von der Basis unteroligozäner Sandsteinschichten von Mera (Rumänien). — Geol. Jahrg., 16(4): 457-469. NOVAK, E. (1950): A kisegedi oíigocén flóra fenyôféléi. (Die Koniferen der Oligozänen Flora von Kiseged bei Eger (Ungarn)). — Bud. Tud.-egy. Biol. Int. Évk., 1 (1): 48-61. RÁSKY, K. (1943) : Die Oligozäne Flora des Kisceller Tons in der Umgebung von Budapest. — Földt. Közl, 73: 503-610. RÜFFLE, L., MÜLLER-STOLL, W. R. & LITKE, R. (1976): Eozäne Floren des Geiseltales (Ranales Fagaceae, Loranthaceae, Apocynaceae). — Abh. Zentr. Geol. Inst., 26: 199-282. VARGA, I. (1956): A budaújlaki alsó-oligocén flóra páfrányai és fenyôféléi. — Bot. Közi., 46(3-4): 291-299.