Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 71. (Budapest 1979)

Varga, A.: On the genus Hygromia Risso, 1826 (Gastropoda, Helicidae)

There are two glandulae mucosae (GM) joining to the distal part of the vagina. These are twice longer than the free oviductus. At their origin the glandulae mucosae are divided into two rarely three parts (WAGNER 1935) (Fig. 12). The long truncus receptaculi is cleary separated from the ampula receptaculi becoming moderately pointed towards its end. Hygromia deubeli (KIMAKOWICZ, 1890) (Figs. 4-6, 15-21, 31-38) Fruticicola (Zenobia) Transsylvanica WESTERLUND var. Deubeli KIMAKOWICZ, Verh. Mitt, siebenb. Ver. Naturw., Nachtr. (Hermannstadt), 40: 185. Distribution: Roumania, Southern and Eastern Carpathians. Original description: „Grösser, deutlich doch unregalmässig gestreift, bräunlich hornfarbig mit rötlichem Stich. Umgänge 5 1/4, flacher, Nacht deutlich weniger tief, die ersten Umgänge fast scharf gekielt. Die Schuppen am letzten Umgang feiner, weniger erhoben und mit der Schale gleich gefärbt, demnach schwer sichtbar; doch sind dieselben auffallend lang und nicht so regalmässig dachziegelartig angeordnet wie beim Typus. H. = 5.7, d = 7.3, D = 8.4 mm. Diese Varietät bewohnt das Kronstädter Gebirge, wo sie den Typus ausschliesst und wurde von Herrn Deubel an den Lokalitäten, Kolczu Chiliior an der Höhle bei Zernest, dann an der Westseite des Königsteines, am Schuler bei der Schtzhütte und am Kapellenberg nächst Kronstadt gesammelt." Soós adds (1943): "Recently it has been collected by ÉHIK in the Kelemen havas (i.e. Muntii Cälimani) near the Secu-torok as well as on the Kranga at a height of 1150 m being the highest occurrence date up to now." Shell and its surface structure is demonstrated in Figs. 4-6. and 31-38. Between the scales similar structures can be observed. Scales with rough surfaces wear off easily. Genital apparatus: Penis has a funnel-shaped proximal third part and an egg-shaped distal part formed by a thickened wall. The inner space is straight getting narrow towards the proximal third and widening again before entering the atrium (Fig. 15). The ralatively small papilla becoming thin at the top is not larger than the proximal third part of the penis. It is smooth with a ring-like swelling at the basis (Fig. 20). In the elongated inner cavity this swelling emits three muscle bundles tending towards the tip (Type B, Fig. 21). In the case of Hygromia kovácsi a. similar inner structure can be observed presumably due to the closely related papilla morphology which must be supplied with the described inner mechanical stabilizers. The cylindrical epiphallus with a retractor joining to its proximal third is about three times longer than the penis. In a vertical section it shows obvious similarités to Hygromia transsylvanica except the terminal wrinkles which do not enter the cavity of the papilla but dissolve in the basal ring-like swelling (Type C). The proximal third of the epiphallus is linked to the atrial region by a muscle-like membrane. The dumpy, gradualli tapering flagellum is shorter than the penis (Hg. 15). Vas deferens and epiphallus is about of the same length. A part of the vagina connecting the bursa hasta is tumid. There are two glandulae mucosae with stubby, bifurcate bases joining opposite to the distal part of the vagina (dividing may occur at different heights) (Figs. 15-16 and 18-19). Vertical section of the bursa hasta and the vagina reveal a funnel-like central vacity having thus a wider contact with the vaginal cavity (Fig. 17). In Hygromia transsylvanica the respective cavity has subparallel walls. Inner bursa, in contrast with the previous species, is reduced, inversely wedged with a slit-like cavity windening gradually towards the basis (Fig. 17). One half of the telum can be found in the papilla filling the remaining space within the bursa hasta and reaches the vaginal region with its tip. Bursa hasta is twice larger in volume than the vagina. The obtusely tapering long truncus receptaculi is not clearly separated from the ampula receptaculi. Free oviduct is somewhat shorter than penis. Hygromia kovácsi VARGA et PINTÉR, 1972 (Figs. 7-9, 22-26, 39-41) Hygromia kovácsi VARGA et PINTÉR, 1972, Fol. Hist.-nat. Mus. Matr., 1 : 121. Distribution : Hungary, Com. Békés. Original description: „Gehäuse konisch erhoben mit abgestumpftem Apex. Umgänge 4 1/2-4 3/4, regelmässig anwachsend, der letzte allmählich erweitert, an der Peripherie stumpfkantig, gegen die Mündung zu abgerundet und wenig herabsteigend. Mündung schief, kreisförmig, vom letzten Umgang massig ausgeschnitten. Ansatzstellen der Mündungsränder voneinander weit entfernt, mit angedeuteter kallöser Verbindung. Mundsaum scharf, ohne Lippe, nicht erweitert. Nabel stets offen, vom leicht ungeschlagenen Spindelrand eingeengt oder halb verdeckt. Die Oberfläschenskulptur besteht aus äusserst feinen, niedrigen, dünnhäutigen, schräg zu den Zuwachsstreifen stehenden kurzen Schüppchen, die leicht abgerieben werden. Die Länge der Schüppchen nimmt mit