Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 70. (Budapest 1978)

Jánossy, D.: Larger mammals from the lowermost Pleistocene fauna, Osztramos, Loc. 7. (Hungary)

what smaller and the "trigonid shape" of the P

4 is not so distinct as in the true Pannonictis-types (more Pliovormela-like), although a frontal cingulum is present. The whole shape and the position of the tubercles of M

1 well agree in the two specimens. Some measurements given in Table II show the differences in size. Table 2. Comparative measurements of the upper teeth of Pannonictis aff. janossyi (mm) Villány, Loc. 3 Osztramos, Loc. 7 Outer length of the P

4 7.1 6.1 Thickness at the paracone of the P* 3.1 2.2 Medio-lateral width of the M

1 6.1 5.4 Obviously this material is too scanty for making a decision as far as unambiguous systematical position is concerned. Martes sp. Material: left mandible with the P

3

, P

4 and M

x ; left mandible with the germ of the P

t

. Considering the fact that, from the older Pleistocene hitherto only one species of the genus was described: Martes vetus KRETZOI, 1956 (new name for the homonym Martes intermedia HELLER, 1933) from the German locality Sackdilling-Cave, we can compare our remains only with those ones. The Osztramos-speciem differs from Martes vetus and also from the recent Martes martes and Martes foina in having perceptibly slender premolars and molar. The length and talonid-width of the M

1 are in the Osztramos-remain 10.0X3.7 mm, in Martes vetus from Sackdilling (Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest) 9.0X3.5 mm. Thus, an allometrical difference seems to be probable, although the proof of this fact needs further comparative material. Felis aff. Iunensis MARTELLI, 1906 Material: proximal fragment of a right (pathological!) metatarsal bone (Mt

3

), phalanx II and phalanx III. The three remains agree in all morphological features with the corresponding anatomical elements of the European Wild Cat. Considering the fact that, there is up to the present Felis Iunensis MARTELLI the unique Felid of this size-category, described from the Lower Pleistocene (in its geological age seemingly very near too), we may provisionally identify our remains with this form. The length of the only measurable phalanx II is about 15 mm (proximal epiphysis lacking). PER1SSODACTYLA OWEN, 1848 Dicerorhinus cf. megarhinus CHRISTOL 1835 (Plate II: Fig. 4) Material: distal two-thirds of the left tibia. This fragment, in spite of its very good condition would not be convenient for the above given taxonomical designation. However, from a rhinoceros bone of this size-category found in the corresponding, microstratigraphically significant Microvertebrate level we may draw the conclusion only that this array of species was present (incl. Dicerorhinus jeanvireti GTJÉRIN, 1972). We may consider owing to the stratigraphical position, only two forms: Dicerorhinus megarhinus-jeanviret/-group and the D. etruscus-group. Although the latter is on the average smaller than the former and the dimensions of our fossil from the Loc. 7 Osztramos speak rather for a plusvariant of the larger group. The proof for this statement may be the largest diameter of the distal epiphysis of the tibia: 117 mm (its width about 94 mm). The largest diameter ranges according to literary data in the D. etruscus-group between 66 and 106 mm (n = 15, KAHLKE 1965, 1969; BONIFAY 1973 etc.), in the D. megar

hinus-jeanviret/-group between 101 and 127 mm (n = 20). Thus, our remain clearly surpasses the hitherto known plusvariants of the smaller group.