Kaszab Zoltán (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 69. (Budapest 1977)

P. Komáromy, Zs.: The algal flora of the Ördöglyuk cave at Szoplak (Hungary)

Table 1. Occurrence of algal species in the Ördöglyuk cave at Szoplak. Species Localities Species brown forest soil from outside algal coat on rock wall cave clay cave soil rich in guano CHLOR OPHYCEAE Chlorella fusca — + + — Chlorella minutissima + — + + Chlorella zofingensis + + + Chlorella sp. + + — — Chlorhormidium dissectum + + — — Stichococcus bacillaris + XANTHOPHYCEAE Monodus unipapilla + — — — Pleurochloris magna + — — — Vischeria stellata + BACILLARIOPHYCEAE Cymbella ventricosa + — — Hantzschia amphyoxis + — — + Melosira roeseana — — — Navicula contenta var. biceps + + + + Navicula microcephala — + — — Navicula minima + + + — Nitzschia communis + — — — Nitzschia communis var. perpusilla — — + + Nitzschia palea + CYAN OPHYCEAE Gloeocapsa punctata + — — Phormidium foveolarum + — + — Phormidium uncinatum + — — — Plectonema gracillima + + — daily light, then a slow photosynthesis is feasible. The algal flora of the rock wall is a specific "rock vegetation" characterized by Melosira roeseana, Plectonema gracillima, Gloeocapsa punctata, mosses and numerous bacteria. The majority of the species originate from forest soil which is in connection with the rock wall (e.g. Chlorella species, Navicula contenta var. biceps, Navicula minima usually occurring in different forest soils). There are species which are common on the rocks and in the soil as well (Chlorhormidium crenulatum, Stichococcus bacillaris). The algal species having now settled on the cave clay originate partly from the rock wall (e.g. Plectonema gracillima), but in the majority from the forest soil (e.g. Chlorella and Navicula species) (Table 1). During the microscopical examinations of samples the phenological stages of the species were observed. Most of the species were found in the vegetative stage (81.8%) and multiplied asexually. Some of the species (18%) were present in disorganizational stage only (Cymbella ventricosa, Navicula microcephala, Nitzschia communis and Nitzschia palea). Those destroyed species which had unsolid cell wall were not observable, however, perhaps the absence of certain species refers to their perishing. Three species were examined in the stage of sexual reproduction {Navicula contenta var. biceps, Navicula minima and Nitzschia communis var. perpusilla). We should note that in the cases of soil samples the microscopical 3 Természettudományi Múzeiim Evkönyve 1977.